【免费下载】宏观经济 第24章生活费用的衡量(题目+答案+详解)

第24章生活费用的衡量

1. In the calculation of the CPI, coffee is given greater weight than tea if

A. consumers buy more coffee than tea.

B. the price of coffee is higher than the price of tea.

C. it costs more to produce coffee than it costs to produce tea.

D. coffee is more readily available than tea is to the typical consumer.

2. Suppose a basket of goods and services has been selected to calculate the CPI and 2002 has been selected as the base year. In 2002, the basket’s cost was $50; in 2004, the basket’s cost was $52; and in 2006, the basket’s cost was $54.60. The value of the CPI in 2006 was

A. 91.6.

B. 104.6.

C. 109.2.

D. 154.6

3.If the CPI was 110 this year and 100 last year, then

A. the cost of the CPI basket of goods and services increased by 110 percent this year.

B. the price level increased by 10 percent this year.

C. the inflation rate for this year was 10 percent higher than the inflation rate for last year.

D. All of the above are correct.

4. Because the CPI is based on a fixed basket of goods, substitution bias causes the index to

a.overstate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next.

b.ignore any increase in the cost of living from one year to the next.

c.understate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next.

d.sometimes understate, and sometimes overstate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next.

5. Suppose lawn mowers are part of the market basket used to compute the CPI. Suppose also that the quality of lawn mowers improves while the price of lawn mowers stays the same. If the Bureau of Labor Statistics is able to precisely adjust the CPI for the improvement in quality, then, other things equal,

A. the CPI will rise.

B. the CPI will fall.

C. the CPI will stay the same.

D. lawn mowers will no longer be included in the market basket.

答案：ACBA B

1A：CPI是普通消费者购买的所有物品与劳务的总费用的衡量指标。根据消费者购买的每种物品的多少来对这些物品和劳务进行加权。

2C：CPI=当年一篮子物品与劳务的价格*100 / 基年一篮物品与劳务的价格

3B：通货膨胀率（物价指数变动的百分比）=(第二年CPI-第一年CPI)*100 / 第一年CPI 4A: 用CPI衡量生活费用存在的问题：

Substitution bias 替代偏向：消费者倾向于用那些变得不太昂贵的物品来代替，CPI是一篮子物品固定，从而高估从某一年到下一年的生活费用的增加。

Introduction of new goods（新产品的引进）：当引进新产品时，消费者有了很多的选择每一美元也就更值钱，而CPI是基于固定不变的物品和劳务，没有反映出因引进新产品而引起的美元价值增加，从而高估

Unmeasured quality change（无法衡量的质量变动）：若产品质量逐年上升，每一美元的价值也就上升，从而高估从某一年到下一年的生活费用的增加。

1. A Japanese automobile company produces cars in the United States, some of which are exported to other nations. If the price of the cars increases,

a.the GDP deflator and the CPI will both increase.

b.the GDP deflator will increase and the CPI will be unchanged.

c.the GDP deflator will be unchanged and the CPI will increase.

d.the GDP deflator and the CPI will both be unchanged.

2. A Brazilian company produces shirts in the United States and exports all of them to Lithuania. If the price of the shirts increases,

a.the GDP deflator and the CPI both increase.

b.the GDP deflator is unchanged and the CPI increases.

c.the GDP deflator increases and the CPI is unchange

d.

d.the GDP deflator and the CPI are unchanged.

3. A decrease in the price of domestically produced nuclear reactors will be reflected in

a. both the GDP deflator and the consumer price index.

b. neither the GDP deflator nor the consumer price index.

c. the GDP deflator but not in the consumer price index.

d. the consumer price index but not in the GDP deflator.

4. The price of DVD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by

a. more than 1 percent.

b. less than 1 percent.

c. 1 percent.

d. None of the above is correct; this particular price increase will not affect the GDP deflator.

5. The nominal interest rate is

a.the interest rate paid or charged by a bank.

b.the interest rate as usually reported without a correction for the effects of inflation.

c. a low interest rate.

d.all of the above

e. a and b above