曼昆经济学原理宏观第24章ppt课件

© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
*
2
消费物价指数 (CPI)
▪ 衡量普通消费者的生活成本
▪ 在许多合同与社会保障中作为生活费用调整的依 据
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
*
4
如何计算消费物价指数
4. 选择基年并计算指数 任一年的CPI等于 当年一篮子物品与劳务的费用 100 x 基年一篮子物品与劳务的费用
5. 计算通货膨胀率
从上一年以来物价指数变动的百分比
通货膨 胀率 =
今年CPI – 去年CPI 去年CPI
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
计算每年的CPI 以2007年为基年 通货膨胀率:
2010: 100 x ($60/$60) = 100 2011: 100 x ($69/$60) = 115 2012: 100 x ($78/$60) = 130
15%
=
115 – 100 100
x 100%
13%
=Leabharlann Baidu
130 – 115 115
x 100%
*
3
如何计算消费物价指数
1. 固定 “篮子” 劳工统计局通过调查消费者找出普通消费者 “购 物篮”中的物品
2. 找出价格 劳工统计局收集购物篮中所有物品价格的数据
3. 计算这一篮子东西的费用 用价格数据计算出这一篮子物品的费用
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
*
6
1 主动学习 计算 CPI
CPI 篮子: {10 磅牛肉, 20 磅鸡肉}在2004年
CPI篮子的费用是120 美元， 以2010年为基年 A. 计算2011年的CPI B. 2011年到2012年以CPI计算的通货膨胀率是多少
我们为什么要做这个？
• 我们怎样用通货膨胀来校正利率？
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
N. 格里高利·曼昆
经济学原理
第六版
24
生活费用的衡量
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
x 100%
*
5
例：
篮子： {4 个皮萨, 10杯拿铁咖啡}
年份
披萨价 拿铁咖啡
格
价格
篮子费用
2010 $10 2011 $11 2012 $12
$2.00 $2.50 $3.00
$10 x 4 + $2 x 10 = $60 $11 x 4 + $2.5 x 10 = $69 $12 x 4 + $3 x 10 = $78
Premium PowerPoint Slides by Ron Cronovich 2012 UPDATE
本教学PPT双语版由 浙江工商大学经济学院 陈宇峰 编译
1
本章我们将探索这些问题的答案:
• 什么是消费物价指数 (CPI)？怎么计算？它有什么
用?
• CPI存在怎样的问题?它们有多严重？ • CPI与GDP平减指数有何区别? • 我们如何用CPI来比较不同年份相同数量的美元?