智能灭火小车

襄樊学院

毕业论文（设计）

论文题目：基于AVR单片机的智能灭火小车的设计EnglishTopic：The Design of Intelligent Fire-fighting Car

Based on AVR MCU

系别：物理与电子信息工程学院

专业：07自动化

班级：0711

学号：07111056

学生姓名：章振保

指导教师：贾巍

2011年月日

基于AVR单片机的智能灭火小车的设计

摘要：随着社会与国家的发展，现代火灾及时补救已成为迫在眉睫需要解决的问题，救火早一刻就少一分损失，消防救援人员固然速度已经很快，但也需要一段不小的时间，而且进入救火现场还有生命危险的可能，于是灭火智能小车的理念诞生了。本设计主要就是针对消防智能技术的制作与研究，小车以ATMEGA128单片机为控制核心，加以电源电路、电机驱动、光电传感电路、火焰检测电路、灭火风扇以及其它电路构成。电源电路提供系统所需的工作电源，光电对管完成寻迹和避障，光敏电阻传感器检测火焰，采集到的数据通过ATMEGA128单片机处理传输到专用电机驱动芯片驱动电机控制小车的前进后退以及转向，最终启动灭火风扇进行灭火。本论文进行整体的硬件设计，并编写了软件程序框图，制作的消防小车具有简易灭火功能，达到了实现现场灭火的目的，设计较好地完成了课题目标。

关键词：ATMEGA128单片机；传感器；智能灭火小车；直流电机；寻迹

The Design of Intelligent Fire-fighting Car Based on AVR MCU Abstract: With the social and national development, the inevitable fires a variety of dangerous places frequently, to the Social Security created a lot of hidden dangers, so the modern fire remedied in time, has become an urgent need to address the problem, the fire As early as the moment to curbing, fire rescue personnel of course, speed has been fast, but it also needs a big time, and enter the fire scene there is the possibility of life-threatening, so was born the concept of fire-fighting car, stupid design is mainly for the production of fire-fighting carr, car in order to ATMEGA128 microcontroller to control the core,

To power supply circuits, motor drives, photoelectric sensor circuit, the flame detection circuit, fire fans, and other circuit. Power circuit to provide the necessary working power supply systems, special-purpose motor driver chip drives car forward backward motor control, as well as steering, photoelectric tracing the completion of the tube and avoid obstacles, and photosensitive resistance sensor detects flame, fire-fighting fans put out the fire. This design produced a simple car fire extinguishing capabilities to achieve the realization of on-site fire-fighting purposes, the design goal of a better way to complete a task.

Key words: ATMEGA128 MCU; Sensor; Smart car fire; DC; Tracing

1绪论 (1)

1.1 智能灭火小车控制系统的设计背景和意义 (1)

1.2 智能灭火小车控制系统的目标 (1)

1.3 主要内容 (1)

2系统设计及方案比较 (2)

2.1 整体方案设计 (2)

2.2 硬件实现方案 (2)

2.3 硬件总体设计方案 (6)

2.4 软件总体设计方案 (7)

3 硬件单元电路设计 (8)

3.1 电源电路 (8)

3.2 微控制器模块的设计 (8)

3.3 电机驱动电路的设计 (11)

3.4 舵机转向模块设计 (13)

3.6 火焰检测电路的设计 (17)

3.7 灭火与音报警系统的设计 (18)

4软件实现 (20)

4.1 软件开发平台介绍 (20)

4.2 主程序流程图 (20)

4.3 寻迹程序流程图 (21)

4.4 灭火程序流程图 (22)

5 系统功能调试 (25)

5.1 测试仪器及设备 (25)

5.2 功能测试 (25)

5.3 调试心得 (27)

结论 (28)

[参考文献] (29)

附录 (30)

致谢 (31)