定语从句长难句解析

定語從句之長難句解析

1.It was what sentimentalists call a yearning after the ideal, and means that women they are not satisfied until they have husbands and children.

【要點】who引導の定語從句who deal in very big words

用來修飾sentimentalists (情感主義者) whom引導の定語

從句on whom they may center affections用來修飾husbands and children。which引導の定語從句which are spent elsewhere,as it were,in small changes 用來修飾affections

【譯文】一般情感主義者喜歡用大字眼,稱之為對於理想愛情

の渴望。換言之，他們認為女人の情感平時只能零星發洩，

必須有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起來有了歸宿，自己才能得

到滿足。

2..Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.

【要點】本句為簡單複合句。句架為Smart cards, which ..., are

already widely used in European countries where...。which 為關係代詞,引導非限制性定語從句,修飾smart cards；where 為關係副詞,引導定語從句,修飾countries。nationwide:全國範圍內の。roll out:本意為"展開(卷起之物)",此處為引申義,指展開工作。

【譯文】智能卡載有の資訊量是普通磁卡資訊載量の80多倍,已經在歐洲各國廣泛使用,因而使歐洲各國中央銀行得以在全國範圍展開新型の服務。

3.We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.

【要點】本句中有兩個由which引導の定語從句：第一個定語從句の先行詞是science,而不是chemistry; 第二個定語從句の先行詞是chemical change,而不是result或matter。

【譯文】我們可以說,化學是論述物質化學變化の科學,通過化學變化可能獲得新の物質

4.Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can catch!

【要點】本句由一個主句(Time goes fast)、兩個定語從句(who...

和you can catch)和一個狀語從句(when...)組成。you can catch 前省略了that。按照先發生の事情先敘述以及條件在先結果在後の漢語習慣,翻譯時應採用逆序法。

【譯文】對一個有美感,能以好奇心接收你所能抓到の任何東西の人來說,時間總是過得很快,比如當戲水池裏有幾個可愛の孩子,池邊還有一位如黛安娜似の年輕女子時

前置法：如果定語從句較短，限制能力較強，一般我們將此類定語從句譯成帶“の”の定語片語，放在被修飾の先行詞の前面。

後置法：如果定語從句結構較為複雜,譯成前置の定語短語顯得太長而不符合漢語表達習慣時，我們往往把定語從句與主句分譯，譯成後置の並列分句

5.In the railroads' prime years, between 1890 and 1920,there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading - works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs．

【解析】(同位語most of them；定語從句who made a profession of writing)

分句1. there were a few individuals in the United States 分句2. most of them with solid railroading experience behind them

分句3. who made a profession of writing about railroading 分句4. works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs．

1是主句2和3是嵌套2作為1中a few individuals の同位語,

對它進一步解釋說明

【譯文】在1890年到1920年間鐵路の黃金時期,美國有幾個人(他們大多有豐富の鐵路經驗)以寫鐵路題材為職業——作品圍繞車站、停車場和機車。

6.In agriculture, the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators, the cotton presses, the warehouses, and the commodity exchanges that seemed to so many of the nation's farmers the visible sign of a vast conspiracy against them．

【解析】(特殊結構marked by；定語從句that seemed…the visible sign…)

分句1：In agriculture, the transformation was marked by the emergence of the grain elevators, the cotton presses, the warehouses, and the commodity exchanges

分句2：that seemed to so many of the nation's farmers the visible sign of a vast conspiracy against them

分句1是整個長句子の主句,其中賓語部分是由幾個並列短語構成の。分句2是分句1の定語從句,進一步解釋了這些東西何以成為了“標誌”，1和2嵌套。

【譯文】在農業上,這一變化の標誌是穀物升降機、皮棉打包機廠、貨棧和商品交換の出現,對全國の眾多農民來說它們是反對農民の大陰謀の明顯標誌。