车辆工程毕业设计39基于有限元分析的轿车铝合金车轮设计

本科学生毕业设计

基于有限元分析的轿车铝合金车轮设计

院系名称：汽车与交通工程学院

专业班级：车辆工程

学生姓名：

指导教师：

职称：教授

The Graduation Design for Bachelor's Degree

Based on Finite Element Analysis Design of Car Alloy Wheels

Candidate：Shen Weiliang

Specialty：Vehicle Engineering

Class：B07-1

Supervisor：Prof. Shi Meiyu

Heilongjiang Institute of Technology

摘要

轻量化是世界汽车工业发展的主要趋势，轻质材料铝及其合金等的使用是一种有效的途径。目前，大部分汽车车轮已使用铝及其合金做作为材料，利用现代设计方法，在此基础上进一步实现车轮的轻量化则是本文的研究所在。

在研究了CAD软件Pro /E以及有限元分析软件ANSYS的功能及其主要特点后，着重进行了了应用ANSYS对铝合金车轮进行结构强度分析的具体过程。

首先使用Pro/E软件，按照轮辋的国家标准，建构车轮的实体模型;然后把模型导入ANSYS，按2005年中国汽车行业标准中的汽车轻合金车轮的性能要求和实验方法所规定的疲劳实验要求施加荷载;然后进行强度分析和模态分析，分析结果表明，车轮的最大应力远小于铝合金的许用应力，车轮的固有频率满足要求，存在进一步改进的可能和必要。最后，改进车轮模型，改进结果表明，车轮的重量有了显著的减少。

利用CAE分析技术有助于提高汽车车轮的设计水平、缩短设计周期、减少开发成本。该方法具有普遍性，适用于指导任何其言型号车轮的设计和分析。

关键词：铝合金车轮；结构设计；有限元分析；强度分析；模态分析

ABSTRACT

Lightweight is the main trends of the world's automotive industry, lightweight materials such as the use of aluminum and its alloys is an effective way. At present, most automotive aluminum and its alloy wheels have been used to do as a material, using modern design methods, based on the further realization of this lightweight wheels is the Institute of this article.

In the study of the CAD software Pro / E and ANSYS finite element analysis software functions and the main characteristics, the Emphasis was the application of ANSYS, the structural strength of aluminum alloy wheel analysis of the specific process.

First ，uses the Pro / E software, according to the rim of the national standards, building wheel solid model; then the model into ANSYS, by 2005 China's auto industry standard in automotive light-alloy wheels and performance requirements and test methods under the fatigue test requirements defined load and then the strength analysis and the results showed that the wheel is much less than the maximum stress allowable stress of aluminum alloy, there is further improvement possible and necessary. Then, the improved wheel models, improved results show that the weight of the wheels have been significantly reduced.

The results show that the use of CAE analysis technology helps improve the design of automobile wheel level, shorten design cycles, reduce development costs. The method is universal, applicable to any of his words and models to guide the design and analysis of the wheel.

Key words: Aluminum Alloy Wheels; Structural Design; Finite Element Analysis; Strength Analysis; Modal Analysis

目录

摘要.................................................................................................................. I Abstract ............................................................................................................... I I 第1章绪论. (1)

1.1课题研究的目的意义 (1)

1.2铝合金车轮行业现状及发展趋势 (1)

1.2.1铝合金车轮的发展及其现状 (1)

1.2.2铝合金车轮的发展趋势 (3)

1.3国内外研究方法 (4)

1.4主要研究内容 (5)

第2章车轮三维模型的建立 (6)

2.1 Pro/E软件基础 (6)

2.2车轮Pro/E模型的建立 (7)

2.2.1车轮构造、种类及装配 (7)

2.2.2 车轮三维模型建立过程 (9)

2.3 本章小结 (15)

第3 章车轮强度静态分析 (16)

3.1 ANSYS软件基础 (16)

3.2 Pro/E与ANSYS的接口创建 (17)

3.3车轮几何模型的简化 (18)

3.4 A356的材料特性 (18)

3.5边界条件的处理 (18)

3.6载荷的处理 (19)

3.7车轮弯曲疲劳试验有限元模型 (21)

3.8静力分析结果及数据分析 (25)

3.9本章小结 (29)