Key to exercises现代大学英语精读5课后答案

Key to exercises:

I. Vocabulary

A．Look up the following words and phrases．Select the meaning that best suits the sentence in which each appears．

1．the state of being human

2．harmless or trivial lie，esp．one told in order to avoid hurting sb．

3．person regarded as a disgrace or a failure by other members of his family or group

4．to defeat

5．stating sth．as truth firmly and forcefully

6．to make the greatest possible effort

7．mistaken

8．lack of

9．rallying call

Ⅳ．Questions on Appreciation

A．Organization

1．Dr．King begins his speech by raising the question“Where are we now?”，which is naturally and logically connected with the question under discussion“Where do we go from here?”，for it is necessary to find out their present situation before talking about their future direction and policy．2．Para 3 serves as a paragraph of transition．The first sentence“This is where we are．"sums up the first two paragraphs, linking this paragraph with the previous ones．The second sentence, on this basis，raises the question“Where do we go from here?" The third sentence starting with“first”begins to answer the question．The paragraph is well organized and ideas develop logically．3．The speaker moves to the second task by making a logical link with the first task，with the first one as “not easy" and the second as“another basic challenge”．both implying considerable degrees of difficulty．And the use of“another”indicates addition to the listing of the first．

4. The speaker brings up the last task of restructuring the whole American society by asking questions about the problems in the country．He concludes the triple evils of the society which have triggered the other problems．By retelling an analogous Bible story，he points out the only way out for the American societ y is to be born again．

5．Para 26 plays the role of a transitional paragraph．As a follow-up of the previous paragraph about the future expectation and direction，the speaker points out that there may be unavoidable setbacks and frustrations in their struggle against discrimination and persecution．Nevertheless，this arouses even firmer determination and more optimistic revolutionary spirit of the speaker，and so leads to the concluding remark of“We shall overcome”．

6．Dr．King ends his speech by borrowing a civil rights song“We Shall Overcome”, as the past tense and the perfect tense show the speaker's optimism and confidence．However，this optimism is not strong．By then，with the split within the rank of the Civil Rights Movement and the suppression of riots in the“long hot Summers”starting from 1965，Dr．King was less optimistic than he had been in 1963 when he delivered his famous“I Have A Dream”speech．B．Antithesis is the setting of contrasting phrases opposite each other for emphasis．In this speech, the speaker uses a number of antitheses．Pick out 4 examples and comment on them．1．As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free．(mind vs．body：enslaved vs．free) 2．Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem，is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery．(psychological freedom vs．physical slavery)