车辆工程毕业设计46拉臂式垃圾车的改装设计

本科生毕业设计

拉臂式垃圾车的改装设计

院系名称：汽车工程系

专业班级：车辆工程

学生姓名：

指导教师：

职称：讲师

The Graduation Design for Bachelor's Degree

The Modify and Design of

Pull Arm Garbage Truck

Candidate：Cheng Xuefeng

Specialty：Vehicle Engineering

Class：B07-1

Supervisor：Lecturer. Lv Degang

Heilongjiang Institute of Technology

摘要

垃圾处理工作是城市建设和管理的重要内容，与人民生活密切相关。随着我国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，环卫部门需处理的垃圾从数量到种类都日益增多。无疑，垃圾处理工作量将加大，这样，垃圾处理的效率问题将是我们面对的一个重要问题。拉臂式垃圾车可将地下垃圾箱内的垃圾及垃圾箱一同拉至车上运走同时可自卸，降低了工人的劳动强度。该垃圾车的收运方式是目前世界上广泛采用的垃圾收运方式，可以实现一车多箱，大大降低了配备成本和空间等等；其专用装置的功能均以汽车发动机为动力，通过液压机构手动或电控来实现。车辆的箱体采用优质碳钢密封焊接结构，具有强度高、重量轻、不产生二次污染等优点。

本文作为拉臂式垃圾车的设计说明，首先介绍了拉臂式垃圾车国内外研究现状，由于该类车的设计资料我国尚不完善，考虑该车同时能实现自卸功能，故参照自卸车相关设计方法对车厢箱体、举升机构、副车架及翻转架进行设计，并对不同设计方案进行了比较分析，保证了拉臂式垃圾车的先进性及实用性。

关键词：自卸功能；举升机构；一车多箱；液压机构；翻转架

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ABSTRACT

Garbage disposal is an important content of urban construction and management, which is closely to people’s life .As the development of our country economy and the growth of people’s living standard, sanitation departments need to dispose an increasing number and kinds of garbage. It’s no doubt that the workload of garbage disposal will be increased, in this way, the efficiency of garbage disposal will be a significant problem we are facing. The truck can drag the underground rubbish along with the dustbin up to the truck, then carry away and download automatically, that decrease greatly worker’s power of work. The truck can also realize” one truck several carton”, which reduce tremendously the match cost and space, etc. The function of its isolated plant was powered by automobile engine, and realized by the manual or electric operation of hydraulic mechanism. The body of carton adopts quality carbon steel totally-sealing welding structure, it has strong point of high strength, light weight, do not produce secondary pollution.

The article acts as the design specification of the pull arm garbage truck, first introduced the pull arm garbage truck research situation, as the class of vehicle design data is not perfect, considering the car can achieve dump function at the same time, by the same type of vehicles’ related design to finish the design of lifting bodies, the subframe and flip stand, and different designs were compared to ensure that the pull arm garbage trucks advanced and practical.

Key words: Dump Function; Lifting Mechanism; Truckload with Many Trunks;Hydraulic Mechanism; Flip Frame

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目录

摘要.................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................ II 第1章绪论 . (1)

1.1 课题的提出 (1)

1.2 我国专用汽车现阶段发展概况 (1)

1.3 我国专用汽车未来的发展趋势 (2)

1.4 拉臂车国内外研究现状 (3)

1.5 课题研究的目的和意义 (5)

1.5.1课题的目的 (5)

1.5.2 课题研究的意义 (6)

第2章拉臂式垃圾车主要性能参数选择 (7)

2.1拉臂式垃圾车总体尺寸 (7)

2.2质量参数的确定 (7)

2.3 其他性能的参数 (8)

2.4本章小结 (8)

第3章拉臂式垃圾车车厢的结构与设计 (9)

3.1拉臂式垃圾车车厢的结构形式 (9)

3.1.1车厢的结构形式 (9)

3.1.2车厢材料 (10)

3.2车厢尺寸参数的确定 (10)

3.2.1车厢尺寸设计 (10)

3.2.2车厢内框尺寸 (10)

3.2.3车厢地板高度 (11)

3.3车厢板的锁启机构 (11)

3.4本章小结 (12)

第4章举升机构的设计 (13)

4.1拉臂架装置结构和工作原理 (13)

4.1.1拉臂装置结构特点 (13)

4.1.2拉臂架装置工作原理 (13)

4.2拉臂架装置的受力分析 (14)

4.3拉臂架装置结构参数选用与设计 (16)

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