现在完成时态的用法总结

2．现在完成时态既涉及过去，又联系现在，它可表示动作或状态过去已经开始一直 延续到现在，和由 “for+时间段” 或
“since+过去时间点/从句”引导的时间状语连用。例如： We have lived here for five years． 我们在这里住了五年了。 I have known him since he was a boy． 我从他还是个孩子的时候就认识他了。
(2000.7 —2000.9) (moved to Japan)
He has been a painter for two months. He has been a painter since July. He has been a painter since he moved to Japan.
now(2000)
since +表示时间点的词或时间状语从句 for +表示时间段的词
I have been a teacher since 1995. I have been a teacher since I came to Shenzhen . I have been a teacher for five years.
He has been a teacher for ten years. He has been a teacher since 1990. He has been a teacher since he left college in 1990 .
(19Leabharlann Baidu0-2000)
(left college)
注意：1）该句式中的have或has是助动词， has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。
2）该句式中have（has）和过去分词之间可用just插入。 3）把该句式译成汉语时，
往往用“已经”,“刚刚”,“过”或“了”等.
2．现在完成时一般疑问句式是 把助动词have或has提到主语之前。如： ④ Have you read this story book yet？ 你读过这本故事书吗？ ⑤ Has he eaten that apple yet？ 他吃那个苹果了吗？ 注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。 2）一般疑问句译成汉语时, 往往译成“…..过吗？”,“还有….吗？”等.
(1997 —2000) (came here)
(17/09/2000— 26/09/2000)
He has been a policeman for nine days. He has been a policeman since September 17 th, 2000.
He has been a singer for eight years. He has been a singer since 1992. He has been a singer since he won the prize for music in 1992.
You have lived in Shenzhen You have lived in Shenzhen
since 1985. for fifteen years.
[since +表示时间点的词或时间状语从句]
since 1985
now(2000)
1985
(for fifteen years)
[for +表示一段时间的词]
于肯定句中，yet，ever，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如： ③ I have already finished my homework．
我已经做完家庭作业了。
④ He has just had his meal． 他刚吃过饭。
⑤ They haven‘t started ye．t 他们还没有动身。 ⑥ We have never heard of it．我们从来没有听说过这件事。
3）其肯定回答用：Yes，….have（has）． 否定回答用：No，….haven‘（t hasn't ）． 有时用：No，not yet．或No，never．
Let's continue :
3．现在完成时的否定句式是 “have（has）+not＋过去分词”。如： ⑥We haven‘t studied Unit 2 ye．t 我们还没学习第二单元。 ⑦The train hasn‘t stopped ye．t 火车还没有停下来。 注意：1）现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。 2）否定句常译为“还没有……”等。
(1992—2000)
(won the prize for music)
(1988 —2000) worked in this hospital
注意：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时强调过去发生的事对现在造成的影响； 一般过去时指过去发生的事实。 请看下面对话中一般过去时和现在完成时的不同。
A：Have you seen the film？ B：Yes，I have． A：When did you see it？ B：I saw it a year ago．
Let's continue:
现在完成时的用法。
1. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 如： ① Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？ (“读” 发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是:是否知道故事的内容)
② I have bought two apples．我买了两个苹果。 （“买” 发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果） 常与现在完成时连用的副词：already，just，yet，ever，never等。already，just多用
Revision 现在完成时
1．现在完成时的基本句式是
“have（has）＋过去分词”。
如： ① I have seen that film． 我已经看过那部影片了。
② We have just finished our homework． 我们刚刚做完家庭作业.
③ She has gone home． 她回家去了。