弗朗西斯培根

Sir Francis Bacon
From 1604-1618，he filled a succession of high-profile advisory positions:
• • • • • • 1604 – Appointed King’s Counsel. 1607 – Named Solicitor General. 1608 – Appointed Clerk of the Star Chamber. 1613 – Appointed Attorney General. 1616 – Made a member of the Privy Council. 1617 – Appointed Lord Keeper of the Royal Seal (his father’s former office). • 1618 – Made Lord Chancellor.
Knowledge is power
Of
studies
• Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于 独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才 也，最见于处世判事之际。 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之， 有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读， 读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
BACON’S ESSAYS
• His Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose. • Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and powerfulness. And the neatness, the preciseness, the gravity, and the weightiness are the essential qualities of his writings. • Balance and opposition are the most common strategies he uses
Of
studies
• Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse.
Quote
Wise man will make more opportunities than he finds. • Anger makes dull men witty, but it keeps them poor. •As the births of living creatures are at first ill-shapen, illso are all innovations, which are the births of time. •Beauty itself is but the sensible image of the Infinite. •Choose the life that is most useful, and habit will make it the most agreeable. •Fashion is only the attempt to realize art in living forms and social intercourse. •Fortitude is the marshal of thought, the armor of the will, and the fort of reason. •Friends are thieves of time.
Bacon’s achievements
• founder of modern science in England. • * famous for his “Essays”; the first English essayist. • 1597, 10 essays published. • 1605, “ “Advancement of Learning”. ”. • 1620, “New Instrument”: induction, the “New Instrument”: inductive method of reasoning. 归纳法 • 1625, collection of 58 essays with wide variety of subjects: love, truth, friendship, parents and children, beauty, studies, riches, youth and age, garden, death, etc.
•
Philosopher Bacon
The Baconian System of Philosophy
• best known as a philosophical advocate and defender of the scientific revolution. His works establish and popularize an inductive methodology for scientific inquiry, often called the Baconian method. • Induction implies drawing knowledge from the natural world through experimentation, observation, and testing of hypotheses. In the context of his time, such methods were connected with the occult trends of hermeticism and alchemy
Painter Bacon
• was an Irish-born figurative painter of English descent • known for his bold, austere, graphic and often tortured imagery. • Bacon's abstract figures typically appear isolated in glass or steel geometrical cages set against flat, nondescript backgrounds.
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人 深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所 学，皆成性格。
• Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书， 然书并不以用处告人，Biblioteka Baidu书之智不在书中，而在书外，全 凭观察得之。
Francis Bacon(1561-1626) Bacon(1561General introduction Versatile Bacon Achievements Quotes A Little story
born in London in 1561， a prominent and well-connected family educated at home at the family estate at Gorham bury in Herfordshire. In 1573, at the age of just twelve, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge In 1576 began reading law at Gray’s Inn ， completed his law degree in 1582, in 1588 he was named lecturer in legal studies at Gray’s Inn，and elected to Parliament in 1584 as a member for Melcombe in Dorsetshire.
In the 17th century, a young man indulged in power with every method he could think of for help.Although he was refused by the king several times, he was still in favor of authority. To promote his position, even, he gave all the literatures to the king called “ James Ⅵ” at that time. In the letters and captioned words, he used all the good words as many as posssible to pray the king in order to get the high possition. Eventually, he gained the things he really wanted.
《the idea of progress》
• began with Bacon’s The Advancement of Learning • its authentic modern form is essentially Bacon's own creation. • It was he who first formulated and described in detail an entire state dedicated to the investigation of nature and the development of new inventions. . “”
Francis Bacon, a representative of the English renaissance, is a well-known philosopher , scientist and essayist. He began his professional life as a lawyer, but he has become best known as a philosophical advocate and defender of the scientific revolution