英语翻译---省略法

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省略汉语的范畴词
汉语常用范畴词，而英语则少用范畴词。中译英时省略那些原文习惯上需 汉语常用范畴词，而英语则少用范畴词。 要但在译文中却没有意义的范畴词是完全必要的。 要但在译文中却没有意义的范畴词是完全必要的。 他在我不知道的情况下 情况下私自拿走了那东西。 情况下 He took it away without my knowledge. 要加快建立城市贫困居民的最低生活保障制度 制度。 制度 We should accelerate the establishment of a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban residents. 恢复热带森林不仅将保护数以万计的鲜为人知的生物种，而且有助于吸收大气中 的二氧 化碳——延缓“温室效应”引起地球回暖的进程 的进程。 的进程 The restoration of tropical forests will not only protect thousands of little-known species, but also help absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere—delaying the "greenhouse effects" on warming the earth. 美日双方 双方在完全保密的情况下互相交换了信件。 双方 America and Japan conducted a completely secret exchange of messages.
省略原文中的有关形容词
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他能力强，人品好，办事勤快，显然会步步高升的。 能力强，人品好，办事勤快， 能力强 In the light of his aptitude, personality and diligence, he will surly be promoted soon. 这里景色秀美，气候宜人 景色秀美， 景色秀美 气候宜人，吸引了大批的游客。 This scenic spot attracts large numbers of tourists for its scenery and climate. // Drawn by its scenery and climate, a large number of tourists pour in. 适当的呼吸对中枢神经系统有营养作用，使人保持良好的情绪 正常的 良好的情绪和正常的 良好的情绪 情感。 Proper breathing nourishes the central 情感 nervous system and maintains your moods and emotions. “Waiter, do you have any wild duck?” “No, sir. But I can irritate a tame one for you.” “服务员，你们有野鸭吗？” “先生，没有。不过我可以帮您激怒一只 温驯的鸭子。”
省略原文中的某些副词
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4.Biblioteka 幕幕政治花招真使他看入迷了：总统竞选活动中的勾心斗角，尔虞我诈； 对新闻消息的幕后操纵 公开发表 故意透露 幕后操纵、公开发表 故意透露，以及公开的和秘密的谈 幕后操纵 公开发表和故意透露 话。 He was fascinated by political processes –– the wheeling and dealing of presidential politics, the manipulating, releasing and leaking of news, the public and private talks. 在那时候的电影里，总是千篇一律老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始 始 继而相爱，终而 终而并肩开拖拉机了。 而相遇，继而 继而 终而 In the film of those days, all too often it was the same one: a boy tractor driver meets a girl tractor drive; they fall in love and drive tractors together. 有一位歌手，有一次她唱完了歌，竟没有一个人鼓掌。 竟 Once a singer finished her performance without receiving any applause from the audience. 他个子足有两米，每进屋门必须低头，才能 才能躲过门框子的拦击。 才能 He was really tall — no less than six foot five. Whenever he came in through the door, he had to lower his head to avoid banging against the door-frame.
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Burning or combustion is the process of uniting a fuel or combustible with the oxygen in the air. 燃烧就是将燃料和空气中的氧气混合的过程。 燃烧 The medfly (Mediterranean fruit fly) is one of the world's most dangerous pests, being a threat to 400 types of vegetables and fruits. 地中海果蝇是世界上最危险的害虫之一，对400多种蔬菜、水果构成威胁。 地中海果蝇 Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason. 双方均不得无故解除合同。 故 我国社会主义建设正以空前绝后 以空前绝后的速度发展着。 以空前绝后 Our socialist country is developing at an unprecedented rate.
省略原文必要但译文不必要的名词
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建立办事高效，运转协调，行为规范的政府行政管理体系是这次国务院 办事高效，运转协调，行为规范 办事高效 机构改革的目标。The current government restructuring is aimed at establishing a highly efficient, well-coordinated and standardized administrative management system. 他的那些构图生动、色彩丰富、内涵深刻 构图生动、 构图生动 色彩丰富、内涵深刻的水彩画颇具西方绘画艺术的 特色。 His watercolors, vivid, rich, and profound, are tinged with the flavor of Western painting. And a sweet young creature is Madam Sophia. 苏菲亚小姐长得年轻可爱。 他开车前从不喝酒。 车 酒 He never drinks before driving. 她瞪着眼，红了脸，满腹狐疑，闷声不响。 眼 脸 She stared, colored, doubted, and was silent. 我儿子都五岁了，还不识字。 字 My son is already five years old, but he still can’t read.
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省略原文的解释性词语
有时英文或中文文本对某个意义使用两个或两个以上的词语表示， 有时英文或中文文本对某个意义使用两个或两个以上的词语表示，而在对应的 中文或英文中只有一个，这时只能省略一个。英汉语中都有对偶同义词， 中文或英文中只有一个，这时只能省略一个。英汉语中都有对偶同义词，通常 采用省略法处理。 采用省略法处理。如：
省略汉语的语气助词
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不要认真嘛！我只不过开开玩笑罢了 嘛 罢了。 罢了 Don’t take it seriously. I’m just making fun of you. 那双眼睛啊，象海水般的颜色，神情愉快，毫不沮丧。 啊 They (the eyes) were the same color as the sea, cheerful and undefeated. 他描绘它（拉脱维亚）的风土人情——森林啦，小村庄啦，人民啦，人 啦 啦 啦 民的强烈民族主义啦等等，只有深深热爱祖国的人才能说得如此娓娓动 啦 听，滔滔不绝。 He described it (Latvia) — its forests, its little villages, its people, their fierce nationalism — with an eloquence that could arise only out of deep love for one’s motherland. 有时逛逛街啦，喝喝茶啦，有时游游泳啦，跳跳舞啦。 啦 啦 啦 啦 Sometimes she would go shopping, or go to the bar; at other times she would go swimming or go dancing.
省略原文中的某些动词
汉语的描述句可以直接用形容词、名词、介词、短语或主谓结构做谓语， 而英文句子的谓语则必须是动词，所以在英译汉时，描述句中的动词有 时要省略。另外，汉语句子中常出现两个或多个动词，有时则不必将动 词全部翻译出来。 These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. 这些发展中国家土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。 This type of typewriter is portable, durable, economical and practical for high school students. 这种打字机携带轻便，经久耐用，经济实惠，适合高中生使用。 美国新任国务卿建议召开 建议召开世界食品资源会议。 建议召开 The new American Secretary of State proposed a world conference on food supplies. 这意味着 意味着在45分钟内创了 创了6项世界记录。一直到现在还没有人能做得到。 意味着 创了 This meant six world records in 45 minutes. Nobody has done the same since.
第十章 --- 省略词语
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从内容角度省略词语 从形式角度省略词语
从内容角度省略词语
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省略原文中的某些动词 省略汉语的范畴词 省略原文的解释性词语 省略原文必要但译文不必要的名词 省略原文中的有关形容词 省略原文中的某些副词 省略汉语的语气助词 省略原文重复的词语 根据译语表达习惯省略原文中的某些词语 省略原文中过于详细的细节
What do we mean by omission of words? This translation technique means that some words in the original are left out in the version because though they are not contained in the version, their meaning is implied or obvious enough in it. In other words, omission means omission of some words that are found in the original but need not necessarily be retained in the version, or omission of some words that are needed in the original but found superfluous if they are kept in the version.