2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词(高考押题)

高考押题专练

1．When you enter a hotel, the top ________ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency.

A．privilege B．priority

C．preference D．principle

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你进入酒店时，你的首要任务是找出所有可用的出口路线，以防你需要在紧急情况下离开。priority“优先事项，首要事情”，符合句意。privilege“特权”；preference“偏爱，偏爱的事物”；principle“规范，原则”。

2．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ —the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water.

A．construction B．conservation

C．corporation D．composition

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：园艺植物的健康取决于土壤的组成成分——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。composition“构成，成分”，符合语境。construction“建造，建筑”；conservation“保存，保护”；corporation“法人，大型公司”。

3．The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”

A．slip B．slide

C．seal D．spit

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来，主持人说：“女士们好，晚上和先生们。” a slip of the tongue“口误”，符合语境。slide“滑动”；seal“印章，封条”；spit“唾沫”。

4．Mo Yan, a most widely­read writer，takes a complete new________ to describing China’s rural and folk culture.

A．way B．approach

C．passage D．entry

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民间文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“……的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”，不符合本句要求；entry意为“进入，进入权，入口处”，不符合本句要求。

5．Music grows and evolves through the ________ of different cultures and styles.

A．interaction B．competition

C．connection D．interpretation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：音乐是通过不同文化和风格的互相影响而发展和演变的。interaction“互相影响，互相作用”；competition“竞争”；connection“联系”；interpretation“理解，演绎”。

6．She was admitted to college and she had to make some ________ and learn to lead an independent life there.

A．progress B．adjustment

C．difference D．assessment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她被大学录取了，因此她不得不做些调整并学会在那儿独立生活。adjustment“调整，调节”，符合语境。progress“进步”；difference“差异，不同”；assessment“评价，评估”。

7．The survey shows that the US is still a favorite ________ for studying abroad.

A．opportunity B．destination

C．challenge D．qualification

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：调查表明，美国依旧是人们出国留学最喜欢的目的地。根据句意可知，此处应填destination“目的地”，故答案选B项。

8．—Mr. Smith, when can I go to America?

—I’ve made a ________ for you on the morning flight.

A．regulation B．presentation

C．reservation D．contribution

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：——史密斯先生，我什么时候能去美国？——我已经为你预订了一个早班飞机的座位。根据句意，表示“预订”要用make a reservation。regulation“管理，规则”；presentation“展示，描述，陈述”；contribution“贡献，捐献”，均不符合句意。

9．Many people think that the sentence of death is too severe a(n) ________ for any crime.

A．defeat B．treatment

C．punishment D．injury

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：许多人认为死刑对任何犯罪来说都是太严厉的处罚。a severe punishment 表示“严厉的处罚”，故选punishment。

10．W hen asked what is the ________ of happiness, different people will give different answers.

A．habit B．source

C．origin D．resource

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当被问到什么是快乐的源泉这个问题时，不同的人会给出不同的答案。habit“习惯，习性”；source“根源，来源”；origin“起源，血统”；resource“资源”。

11．Though spending much time on events out of their control, they felt some ________ to be at an advantage finally.

A．amazement B．relief

C．curiosity D．nervousness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：尽管在不受他们控制的事情上花了大量时间，但最终能够处于优势让他们略感宽慰。amazement“惊讶”；relief“宽慰，轻松”；curiosity“好奇心”；nervousness“紧张不安”。

12．Finding information in today’s world is easy.The ________ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not.

A．knowledge B．ability

C．competition D．challenge

【答案】D

【解析】句意：当今世界找信息很容易，挑战在于你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。A.知识；B.能力；C.竞赛；D.挑战，艰巨任务。故选D。

13．It is astonishing what you can do with chocolate if you have enough of it.Give full play to your ________ and have a try!

A．imagination B．puzzlement

C．attention D．qualification