中国地方性社区银行的发展情况

Market shares: distribution of banks 全国商业银行市场份额比较表
12% 0.61% 6.10%
17.28%
SSOB 64.21%
国有商业银行 股份制商业银行 城市商业银行 城市信用社 农信社及农商行
What is a community bank
• Definition 1: providing banking services to local residents and firms, and in doing so, specializing in providing banking services to local communities;
• Limited size of assets (USA ： less than US$1 billion）
• At least half of deposits come from local community至少一半的存款来自 于同一个县内的各个分支机构
• Client base: local community, SMEs
• There is not yet a single community bank that’s is privately owned
Types of Community Banks in China
中国小金融机构的类型
• City commercial banks城市商业银行 • City credit unions城市信用社 • Rural credit unions农村信用社 • Rural cooperative banks农村合作银行 • Rural commercial banks农村商业银行 • Some Joint-Equity Banks (JVBs)
But there are debates…
• Size does not matter most • Corporate governance that is market-
based • Greater number of small banks help
improve the composition of market players • But more important is to fix the “bad” institutions
City Credit Union: Facts and Figures
城市信用社
City Credit Union:Facts 城市信用社的改革和发展历程
• First CCU started in 1979 • Became more popular in 1986 • Consolidation in 1989 • Recovered after 1992 • Some restructured to city cooperative
Community Banks in China 中国的中小金融机构
• China’s community banks: in distinguish from national and regional banks
• There are city and rural community banks
Why Community Banks
• Help ease the situation: SME and rural financing 社区银行可以有效地改善中小企业和农村贷款难的状 Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu。
• Not to compete with “big brothers” 社区银行服务 于小企业和社区居民，和大银行不会形成激烈冲突。
• Local knowledge advantage社区银行通常十分熟悉 本地市场，信息不对称程度相对大银行而言较小。
• Winning more support from local government and local residents社区银行则主要将一个地区吸收的存 款继续投入到该地区，从而推动当地经济的发展，因 此将比大银行更能获得当地政府和居民的支持。
• Definition 2: chartered or licensed to provide commercial banking or saving services in a specified locality
Some characters of community banks 社区银行的基本特征
res.rep. offices)
Size of the banking sector
• Banking sector: dominant in the financial industry
• By March 2005，total banking assets Y32. trillion RMB (vs. GDP: Y10.4 trillion RMB )
Outline
• Background: China’s banking system • China’s community banks • Issues for discussion
The Banking System: A large
range of banks
• 4 SOBs • 3 Policy banks • 12 JEBs • 112 City Commercial Banks • 709 City credit unions • 4 Rural commercial banks • 4 Rural cooperative banks • 33,586 rural credit unions • 119 foreign-owned banking institutions (branches,
• That’s 95% of the total asset of the entire financial institutions
Bank lending dominates
(by end 2004）
loans：82.9%
treasury bonds: 10.8% corporate bonds:1.1% stocks:5.2%