英语诗歌的类型
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-- the border area between England and Scotland
-- the Middle ages
-- common people, oral tradition
-- traditional ballad: Robin Hood Ballads
-- literary ballad: Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
5
2. Ode 颂诗
-- a form of lyric poem in which the poet highly celebrates a person, a thing or an event
-- length, stanza forms, style and purpose
-- Shelley: Ode to the West Wind
Virgil: Aeneid
Dante: Divine Comedy
Anglo-Saxon legend: Beowulf
Milton: Paradise Lost
1
2. Ballad 歌谣
-- a narrative poem of folk song which tells a story in simple colloquial language, usually in four-line stanzas with the second and fourth lines rhymed
2
3. Romance 传奇 -- primarily medieval fiction in
verse or prose dealing with adventures of chivalry and love -- Frem -- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight -- Le Morte d’Arthur
7
4. Elegy 挽诗;挽歌;哀歌
-- elegiac (Greek and Roman)
-- written in couplets consisting of a hexameter line followed by a pentameter line
-- usually a reflective poem of lamentation or regret, with no set metrical form, generally of melancholy tone, often on death
-- Francesco Petrarch – Italian sonnet -- love as the most important subject matter -- different from narrative poems:
Narrative story action
Lyric
1. Epic 史诗
-- recounting in a continuous narrative the life and action of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons
-- Homer: Iliad and Odyssey
3
II. Lyric poetry 抒情诗
-- taking its name from songs sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by the lyre
-- possibly the oldest: the Song of Solomon and the Psalms
Keats: Ode to Autumn
6
3. Song 歌 -- a short lyric poem intended
to be set to music in either vocal performance or with accompaniment of musical instruments -- Ben Jonson: Song: to Celia
9
6. Aubade 晨曲
-- a morning serenade (F.)
-- a poem about the coming of dawn, or a piece of music meant to be sung or played by a lover outdoors lamenting parting at daybreak
song
emotion
4
1. Sonnet 十四行诗 -- a fourteen-line poem, written in
iambic pentameter ( lines with ten syllables, with accents falling on every second syllable) -- Petrarch in Italy -- England: Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard -- Spenserian sonnet: -- Shakespearean sonnet: abab, cdcd, efef, gg
shorter and less formal than an elegy, and often represented as a text meant to be sung aloud -- William Shakespeare: Full Fathom Five (from Act I, Scene II, The Tempest)
-- Thomas Gray: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
8
5. Dirge 挽歌 -- originally a religious service in
honor of the dead -- now any song of mourning,
-- the Middle ages
-- common people, oral tradition
-- traditional ballad: Robin Hood Ballads
-- literary ballad: Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
5
2. Ode 颂诗
-- a form of lyric poem in which the poet highly celebrates a person, a thing or an event
-- length, stanza forms, style and purpose
-- Shelley: Ode to the West Wind
Virgil: Aeneid
Dante: Divine Comedy
Anglo-Saxon legend: Beowulf
Milton: Paradise Lost
1
2. Ballad 歌谣
-- a narrative poem of folk song which tells a story in simple colloquial language, usually in four-line stanzas with the second and fourth lines rhymed
2
3. Romance 传奇 -- primarily medieval fiction in
verse or prose dealing with adventures of chivalry and love -- Frem -- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight -- Le Morte d’Arthur
7
4. Elegy 挽诗;挽歌;哀歌
-- elegiac (Greek and Roman)
-- written in couplets consisting of a hexameter line followed by a pentameter line
-- usually a reflective poem of lamentation or regret, with no set metrical form, generally of melancholy tone, often on death
-- Francesco Petrarch – Italian sonnet -- love as the most important subject matter -- different from narrative poems:
Narrative story action
Lyric
1. Epic 史诗
-- recounting in a continuous narrative the life and action of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons
-- Homer: Iliad and Odyssey
3
II. Lyric poetry 抒情诗
-- taking its name from songs sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by the lyre
-- possibly the oldest: the Song of Solomon and the Psalms
Keats: Ode to Autumn
6
3. Song 歌 -- a short lyric poem intended
to be set to music in either vocal performance or with accompaniment of musical instruments -- Ben Jonson: Song: to Celia
9
6. Aubade 晨曲
-- a morning serenade (F.)
-- a poem about the coming of dawn, or a piece of music meant to be sung or played by a lover outdoors lamenting parting at daybreak
song
emotion
4
1. Sonnet 十四行诗 -- a fourteen-line poem, written in
iambic pentameter ( lines with ten syllables, with accents falling on every second syllable) -- Petrarch in Italy -- England: Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard -- Spenserian sonnet: -- Shakespearean sonnet: abab, cdcd, efef, gg
shorter and less formal than an elegy, and often represented as a text meant to be sung aloud -- William Shakespeare: Full Fathom Five (from Act I, Scene II, The Tempest)
-- Thomas Gray: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
8
5. Dirge 挽歌 -- originally a religious service in
honor of the dead -- now any song of mourning,