《创新设计》2017英语二轮复习(浙江专用)课件 第二部分 基础语法巧学巧练 专题十

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minute
__7__
he
could
spare
to
help
China
develop
transportation.__8__ is mentioned above，Jason was a foreigner __9__ made great contributions to our country and was a kind man __10__ we should say thanks. 答案 1.who/that 2.who/that 3.where 4.that 5.which/that
properly__2__(use)，can be as useful as several sentences，or even a picture. As you study science ， you will find that a diagram ， a drawing ， __3__a photograph may also help you learn and
mean by__7__(choose) other more familiar words. Soon you will
find how easy it is to express__8__(you) clearly with the help of science words.
(1)引导非限制性定语从句；
(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前； (3) 引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示 的整体或部分概念。
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二、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
which
位置上
as
只能放在先行词 位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可 的后面 置于句末
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集训 ❷
用适当的关系代词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，
在语境中体会关系代词的用法。 Do you know the man __1__ wrote this book？He was Jason，
one of the engineers __2__ came from Russia in the 1950s.He
scholar Confucius ， ________lived from roughly 551 to 479
B.C，influenced the development of chopsticks. 2.(2015· 江苏卷)The number of smokers，________is reported， has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 3.(2015· 湖南卷)It is a truly delightful place，________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
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3.(2015· 广东卷 )When harvest came around ， he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly.
3.where
[ 考查定语从句。 where people from the towns met
regularly是定语从句，修饰market，where在定语从句中作状 语。]
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4.whose
[考查定语从句。句意：桌子上封面闪闪发亮的那些
书是我们的奖品。先行词为 books ，关系代词在从句中作名 词covers的定语，故用whose。] 5.where [考查定语从句的关系词。关系词在句中作地点状语，
谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动
搭配上 无动词的限制 的动词，如see，hear，know，expect， remember等
意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如„„，正像„„的那样”
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三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选用
(1) 一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入
专题十
定语从句
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⊙怎么考
在语法填空与短文改错中考查定语从句中关系代词及关
系副词的用法，侧重考查that，which，when，where的用法。 ⊙怎么学 在平时的学习中，不死抠，不死背语法条目，而要在语 篇中认真体会、学习与印证。
⊙怎么解
1.弄清关系代词和关系副词所代替的先行词和关系词在从 句中所作的成分；2.思考其语法特征和语义特征，注意区分意 义相近的关系词。
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身是序
数词或形容词最高级； (4)先行词被the only，the very(正是、恰是)，the last等修饰；
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(5)先行词中既有人也有物；
(6)在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句； (7)先行词是the way，并在定语从句中充当状语时，关系代 词用that/in which或省略关系词。 2.只用which的情况
4.(2015· 四川卷)The books on the desk，________ covers are
shiny，are prizes for us. 5.(2014· 广东卷)The next day，my brother and I went to the beach ________ we watched some people play volleyball. 6.(2014· 全国卷Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit ________ is driving your family crazy.
2.(2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for
tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents
should talk much to their children during that period. 答案 1.who 7.when 8.as 2.as 3.which 4.which 5.which 6.whose
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集训❸ 奔向高考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括 号内单词的正确形式。 Everybody uses words__1__special meanings. The more
exact we are，the more likely we are to use such words. A word，
worked in the same factory __3__ my father once worked.When he came to China，the first thing __4__ he did was to visit the factory __5__ did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason __6__ China was so backward in it.Then he spent every
6.why
7.that 8.As
9.who/that 10.to whom
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■知识胸有成竹
一、关系代词that与which的用法辨析
1.只用that的情况
(1)先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing， little，much，few等不定代词； (2)先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修 饰；
drawing is a picture done with a pencil ， a pen or crayons.A diagram is a drawing，__6__shows the important parts of a thing. You will learn science words by learning their definitions. This means that you will learn how to describe what science words
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7.(2014· 湖南卷)I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 8.(2012· 安徽卷)A lot of language learning，________ has been
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Ⅰ.体验考向
单句语法填空 1.(2016· 全国卷Ⅰ)My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter.
手：先行词的意义；从句中动词的固定搭配；句子的意思。 (2)表示“整体和部分关系”时，介词常用of。常见结构： ①在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many， most，each等代词或数词后可以用of which/whom。
②“the＋比较级或最高级”后用of which/whom等。
understand. Each of these special words__4__(describe) a kind of
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picture. It is important __5__(learn) the exact meanings of words
like these.A photograph is a picture made with a camera. A
先行词是beach，故用where。]
6.that/which
[考查定语从句的关系词。空缺之后是一个定语
从句，由于定语从句中缺少主语且先行词是a habit，因此用 关系代词that/which引导定语从句。]
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Ⅱ.考点集训 集训❶ 单句语法填空 1.(2016· 全国卷 Ⅲ )Some people think that the great Chinese
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答案
1.when [由句子结构可以判断这是一个百度文库语从句，先行词是
表示时间的in the mid－1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写 关系副词when。] 2.that/which [漓江的江水被许多艺术家描绘过。根据句子结
构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是waters，故定语从句的 关系代词应该使用that或which。]
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4.(2014· 天津卷)English is a language shared by several diverse
cultures，all of ________ uses it differently. 5.(2014· 四川卷)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，________ is quite unexpected. 6.(2014· 山东卷)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.