并列连词和状语从句(不含答案)

并列连词和状语从句

并列句

由两个或者两个以上独立分句并列在一起构成，起基本结构是分句加并列连词加分句。

在并列句中，除了使用并列连词以外还可以使用并列连词词组，或者连接副词来连接分句，有时甚至不用并列连词，只用逗号. 分号. 冒号等把分句隔开。

常用的并列连词有：and , but , or, for, so , neither, nor …

并列连词词组有：either…or, neither…nor, both…and, as well as, not only…but also…

连接副词有：besides, furthermore, moreover …

1. 表示联合关系

常用and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词

There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.

I can neither write songs nor play the guitar.

2. 表示选择关系

常用or, either …or 等连词

We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.

…either one of his daughters replaces him as a prisoner in the castle, or he will die. …

3. 表示转折和对比关系

常用yet，but，however，while 等

but表示完全转折，语气较强。while主要表示对比。however在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他成分隔开。yet既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。

Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.

They wanted to charge ﹩5,000 for the car, but we managed to bring the price down.

In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.

One can not see wind, however, it does exist.

I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.

The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.

He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)

It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)

4. 表示因果关系

常用so，for，therefore等连接词

I didn’t get enough sleep so I did n’t feel very well this morning.

It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.

He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.

5. 表示条件或者结果

常用and或者or等连词

Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.

Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .

Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.

You have to move out of the way or the truck can’t get past.

6. 表示递进关系

常用besides，furthermore，moreover等连接副词。

Television is entertaining; besides/furthermore/moreover, it is instructive.

状语从句

❶时间状语从句

1.when,while和as。

(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。另外,注意下面几个结构:be doing sth. when...(正在做某事时突然……),have hardly/just/scarcely done sth. when...(刚一……就……),be about to do sth. when...(正准备……突然……)。

Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.南希去年去悉尼看望朋友时玩得很开心。

(2)while引导的时间状语从句中应用延续性或状态性动词,还可用来侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。

I want the girls to experience that while they are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。

(3)as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成,可译为“一边……,一边……”或“随着……”。

As time goes on,it’s getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。(4)如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when,while与as可互换使用。

When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.当我沿着大街行走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。

典例1(2014·江西高考)It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

A.that

B.as

C.which

D.when

典例2(2012·山东高考)He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends.

A.as

B.if

C.unless

D.though

2.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment/minute/instant, no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once。

这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,表示“一……就……”。从句中用现在时代替将来时。

You’ll feel excited the moment the star steps out of the plane.那个明星走出机舱的那一刻,你就会感到兴奋。

◆特别提醒

在no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...结构中,no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序。

典例(2011·辽宁高考)He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering.

A.since

B.as

C.when

D.than

3.till,until和not...until...。

(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”,此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词,主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用,但till不可以置于句首,而until可以。

Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?会议将被推迟到下周二,你有没有听说?

(2)not...until...“某动作直到某时间点才开始”,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式。

I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.直到这个学生做这道数学题花费了多于一个小时的时间时,我才会告诉他答案。典例1If a lot of people say a film is not good,I won’t bother to see it,or I’ll wait it comes out on DVD.

A.whether

B.after

C.though

D.until

典例2It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we’ve actually had that lesson.

A.until

B.after

C.since

D.when

4.before与since。