正译法和反译法_翻译技巧

• （4）短语 • She will forget all about it as likely as not • He is old, none the less he works like a young man. • We do not like he other than she is now.
（3）否定词＋表示否定意义的词 • It never rains but it pours. • I promised that never a day should pass that I did not visit him. • He spoke nothing to no purpose • Fight no battle unprepared.
• Still he failed to understand me. (反译) • 无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。 • She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译) • She is anything but a bright student. (反译)
（4）否定谓语 有些介词短语中带有 no,neither 之类的否定 词，形式上否定名词，但译成汉语时， 应把否定词移到谓语上。 • In no case can the parents agree their daughter to go with a stranger.
• 在任何情况下，父母都不会同意女儿跟 一个陌生人走 • In neither case can they agree. • 在这两种情况下，他们都不会同意
Cannot …too/over 怎么…都不过分／越…越好
• You cannot be too careful in doing your homework. • 你做作业越细心越好． • The importance of the experiment cannot be overvalued. • 这个实验的重要性无论怎样估计都不过分． • One can hardly pay too high a prize for liberty. • 一个人为了自由会出的代价再高也值得． .
• They are only too pleased to see the film (6) 一些习惯用法 We cannot be too careful in doing experiment The importance of scientific research cannot be overvalued It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. Teachers and parents didn’t praise her slightly
否定陷阱 (1) 否定从句中的谓语动词
主句的谓语动词为think, feel, seem, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, reckon等时，形式上 用在这些动词前面的否定，实际上是否定后面的宾语从 句。
• I don’t think he can come on time. • I don’t believe I have met you before. • It doesn’t seem that we can return the books on time.
• 他突然想到了一个新主意。
• Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译)
• He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) • A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译） • 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。 • He still could not understand me. (正译)
• In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译) • 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。 • You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） • This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
双重否定
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Too….not to/ not too……to “太….肯定会” “不要…..不…..” He is too wicked not to meet a bad end some day. 他太坏了，总有一天会有恶报． You should not be too proud to learn from others. 你应该虚心向别人学习．
正译法和反译法
• 这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用 于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照 与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。 所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反 的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反 译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更 符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此 比较地道。
• 在美国，人人都能买到枪。 • In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译)
• Please withhold the document for the time being. • 暂时扣下这份文件。（正译） 请暂时不要发这份文件。（反译） • 改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化 • ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱreat changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.(全部倒置)
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(2) 否定介词短语 She has not come to you for lunch. He told me he hadn’t entered the classroom at 8 this morning. He had never traveled by air. (3) 否定动词不定式 One does not live to eat , but eats to live. We are not here to quarrel with you , but to help you.