1 第一讲2021高考英语专题 名 词

第一讲名词

语法填空

【典题试做】

1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes(cause)．

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.

5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several invitations(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.

1．给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；

2．给出其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名词。

短文改错

【典题试做】

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for football. player→players

2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. job →jobs

3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. city→cities

4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. chicken→chickens

5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. Friday’s

→Friday

6．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. sort→sorts

7．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well. mistake→mistakes

8．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！” word→words

9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. informations→information

1．可数名词单复数的错用；

2．混淆名词的可数与不可数；

3．名词的格的误用。

名词的数

名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分，不可数名词没有复数形式。

1．可数名词单复数的变化规则

(1)可数名词复数的规则变化

变化规则例词

一般情况下在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths house→houses

以-s，­x，­ch，­sh 结尾的名词在词尾加-es

glass→glasses

match→matches

以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es

country→countries

factory→factories

以元音字母加-y结尾的名词在词尾直接加-s

holiday→holidays

monkey→monkeys

以-o结尾的名词一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos photo→photos