时态和语态 动词的时态

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7.现在完成时
例句： • I have met him before. • I have been to the Great Wall twice. • I have worked here for twenty years.
考点 • We’ve been good friends since we were very young.
时态和语态
By
01 英语的基本句型
02 动词的时态
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态
03 被动语态
Homework Checking
Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直 宾） Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋系＋表） Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直 宾）
一般将来时
3. 一般将来时
行为动词的过去式表示将要发生的动作 或存在的状态 及打算、计划或准备做某事。
主语+am/is/are+ going to + do； 主语+ will/shall + do.
时间状语：
tomorrow，next day(week，month，year…)， soon，in a few minutes，by…，the day after tomorrow，etc.
• The girls are to go to school next week.
• We are about to leave, so there is no time to
visit her now.
• Wait a minute. I’m coming.
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3. 一般将来时
考点
“祈使句+and/or +句子”结构中
基本结构 ：主语+was/were+doing
时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去 时的时间状语等。
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5.过去进行时
例句： •
When I saw her, she was working on the
computer.
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8. 过去完成时
例句： • They had got everything ready before I came.
• By the end of last week he had written two papers.
• I waited until he had finished his work yesterday.
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直 宾）
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
主系表结构
说明物质的一个性质
主语是一句话的中心， 系动词本身有一定的意义，不能单独使用 表语是用来修饰的。
过去完成时
8. 过去完成时
以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生 的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完
成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
基本结构： 主语+had + done
时间状语：before (yesterday ，从句）， by the end of last year(term，month…)， etc.
现在进行时
4. 现在进行时
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行 为。
基本结构：主语+ be+doing
时间状语：now，at this time， these days，etc. look . listen
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4. 现在进行时 例句： • I’m watching TV now.
• All the people in the world are seeking happiness.
2. 一般过去时
例句： 1. She bought a new car last week. 2. I wasn’t there last night. 3. You looked pretty upset just now. 4. He never smoked.
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3. The Simple Future Tense
例句：
Verb Tenses
时态
1. The Simple Present Tense
一般现在时
习惯性、 现实性、 客观性
1. 一般现在时
经常、反复发生的动作、行为 或存在的状况。
基本结构： 主语+动词原形
时间状语： always，usually，often， sometimes，every week (day，year， month…)，once a week，on Sundays
• Up to now, we have received no news from her.
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经典例题
Year ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _____ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed C. will show
B. has shown D. is showing
1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.
S+V 主+谓+状
经典例题
Year ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _____ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
习惯性、
1. 一般现在时
现实性、
客观性
例句： • He often takes a walk in the evening.
• He doesn’t speak French.
• Water boils at 100°C.
• The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this
A. are often seeing C. often saw
B. will often see D. have often seen
解析： B
“祈使句+and/or +句子”结构中
前面的祈使句表条件， and/or 后面的句子用一般S将+来V
时
主+谓+状
4. The Present Continuous Tense
A. are often seeing C. often saw
B. will often see D. have often seen
S+V 主+谓+状
经典例题
Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _______ advertisement showing happy, balanced families.
• He is meeting the manager tomorrow. • The boss is always crabbing about my work.
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5. The Past Continuous Tense
过去进行时
5.过去进行时
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或 进行的行为或动作。
your health will improve soon.
A. gave up
B. give up
C. had given up
D. will give up
1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.
S+V 主+谓+状
经典例题
If you ______ smoking and drinking,
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9. The Future Prefect Tense
将来完成时
9.将来完成时
表示在将来某一时间之前完成的动作， 往往对将来某一时间产生影响。
基本结构： 主语+shall/will+ have + done
时间状语：“by+将来时间”，by the time, before 或when 引导的时间状语从句
your health will improve soon.
A. gave up
B. give up
C. had given up
D. will give up
解析： B。 在条件或者时间状语从句中，常用一般时 现在时表示将来
S+V 主+谓+状
2.The Simple Past Tense
一般过去时
A. showed C. will show
B. has shown D. is showing
1) 解Bo析th：mBen speak loudly and clearly.
recent 与现在完成时连用， 表从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在
S+V 主+谓+状
8. The Past Prefect Tense
• He was making a long distance phone call
from ten to eleven last night.
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6. The Future Continuous Tense
将来进行时
6.将来进行时
表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。 基本结构 ：
主语+shall/will be 现在分词
2. 一般过去时
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
基本结构： 主语+动词过去式
时间状语：
ago，yesterday，last week，last(year，night， month…)，in 1989，one day，long long ago， once upon a time，etc.
前面的祈使句表条件， and/or 后面的句子用一般 将来时
例句： • Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the
work finished. • Close the window， or you’ll catch a cold.
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经典例题
Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _______ advertisement showing happy, balanced families.
afternoon.
考点ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时态。
• I’ll tell her when she comes tomorrow.
• You’ll surely succeed if you try your best.
经典例题
If you ______ smoking and drinking,
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3. 一般将来时
例句： • We won’t be free tonight.
• We shall leave for London next Monday.
• He is going to meet the manager at the
airport
• Look at the cloud! It’s going to rain.
时间状语：this time next week, in a minute
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6.将来进行时
例句： • What will you be doing this time tomorrow?
• We shall be having a business talk with Mr. Brown in a minute.
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9.将来完成时
例句： • By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
• By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
• I shall have finished it next Friday . • The birds will have moved to the south
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7. The Present Prefect Tense
现在完成时
7.现在完成时
“过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响” 而且“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并 且已经完成”。 基本结构： 主语+have/has+过去分词 时间状语： yet，already，just, before, recently, once, lately, ever, never, twice, so far, up to now, since, for a long time, for the past few years