YJ型液压机械式随钻震击器中英文实体

YJ型机械液压式随钻震击器MODEL “YJ” MECHANICAL-HYDRAULIC
DRILLING JAR
使用说明书
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
®
贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司
目录
LIST
YJ型机械液压式随钻震击器
1. 结构及特点 ................................................................. １
2. 工作原理 ................................................................... １
3. 使用与操作 ................................................................. １
4. 现场保养及维修.............................................................. ２
5. 技术参数 ................................................................... ５
6. 订货说明 ................................................................... ６MODEL “YJ” MECHANICAL-HYDRAULIC DRILLING JAR
1. CONSTRUCTION AND FEATHER .............................................................................................. ７
2. OPERATING PRINCIPLE .............................................................................................................. ７
3. OPERATION ..................................................................................................................................... ７
4、MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................ ９
5. SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................................... １２6．ORDER STATE ........................................................................................................................... １３
YJ型机械液压式随钻震击器
1. 结构及特点
结构见右图
YJ型机械液压式随钻震击器是一种机械液压式随钻震击、解卡工具。

它集上、下震击作用于一体，可解除钻井作业过程中发生的井下遇阻、遇卡等钻井事故。

是打定向井、深井的首选震击工具。

2. 工作原理
2.1 上击工作原理
上提钻具，卡瓦组件受碟簧弹性力及卡瓦机构锁紧力作用，迫使卡瓦锁紧机构抱紧卡瓦心轴。

当卡瓦心轴随心轴一起上行克服卡瓦锁紧力以及液压阀总成与延长轴之间的阻尼作用，震击器将使钻柱储能、延时，当心轴上行到解除约束状态，钻柱中储存的弹性势能转换成向上的动能，产生上击。

如需连续上击，则应下放钻具直到锁紧机构重新锁紧，再重复上述过程，将产生连续上击。

2.2 下击工作原理
下击机构锁紧器的松开负荷可根据顾客需要改变。

上锁紧力和下锁紧力之间有一定比率，并且可调。

需下击时，下放钻具直到压力达到下锁紧力，震击器将产生下击力。

若需要重复震击，上提钻具到重新锁紧的位置，重复上述过程。

3. 使用与操作
3.1 下井前的准备
3.1.1 经重新装配后的产品，各连接螺纹应按表1规定
紧扣。

内腔注满L—HM32抗磨液压油，震击吨位和锁紧力可根据某口井具体要求调定，并经地面试验合格。

3.1.2 下井前震击器处于锁紧状态。

3.1.3 钻具配置应使震击器处于钻柱中和点偏上的受位部分。

3.1.4 推荐的钻具组合
下钻铤(外径不得小于震击器外径)+屈性长轴+YJ型震击器+加重钻杆(外径不得大于震击器外径)+上部钻
上连接体
花键外筒
卡瓦心轴
下卡瓦座
震击垫
卡瓦外筒
上卡瓦座
卡瓦
调节内套
碟簧
下连接体
调解外套
延长心轴液压阀总成
活塞
压力体
心轴
三开瓦
3.1.5当震击器接入立柱后，取下卡箍，并妥善保存。

3.2 操作方法
3.2.1 下钻时应先开泵循环，再缓慢下放，切忌直通井底造成“人为下击”。

若在下钻过程中发生遇卡，可启动震击器实施上击解卡。

3.2.2 在正常钻进过程中，震击器应处于锁紧位置，在受拉状态下工作。

3.2.3 发生卡钻事故需上击时，按以下步骤进行：
①下放钻具直到指重读数小于震击器以上钻具悬重3～5吨(即压到震击器心轴上的力)，震击器回到“锁紧”位置。

如已为锁紧状态下井的震击力不进行此步骤。

进行本步骤操作时，可在井口钻杆上划一刻线，下放一个上击行程可确认震击器回到“锁紧”位置。

②以拉力G上提钻柱，刹住刹把等待震击器释放。

上击吨位由上提吨位控制，开始应用较低提拉顿位，以后逐渐增加顿位，在同一上提顿位上应多次震击以加强作用效果。

最大上提吨位决不允许超过震击器以上钻柱重量与震击器最大上击释放吨位之和。

再重复上述过程，将产生连续上击。

在不同钻头水力压降的情况下，震击器最大上击释放吨位是不同的，震击器最大上击释放吨位应按不同钻头水力压降分别确定。

G=震击器上部钻柱重量+震击器上击释放吨位
3.2.4 当发生卡钻事故需下击时，按以下步骤进行：
①以压力G '下压钻具产生震击。

G ' =地面调定的下击吨位+泥浆阻力+摩擦阻力+指重表误差
②上提钻具，上提拉力大于震击器上部钻具重量3～5吨，使震击器回到锁紧位置，重复上述部骤即可继续向下震击。

震击器下击回位时，上提钻柱时间不能过长，避免产生不必要的上击。

4. 现场保养及维修
4.1现场保养
使用时间短或中等程度震击，而震击次数少的情况下，可在钻台现场进行。

在井场钻台上起出井后，冲洗震击器外表面、水眼的泥浆，冲洗油堵部位。

清洗心轴镀铬面，擦干后抹上钙基润滑脂，戴上卡箍，两端接头配戴护丝。

4.2管子站维修
在井下正常运转400小时后，或猛烈震击作业之后，应在管子站进行大修。

建议大修三次后报废该工具。

4.2.1 修前应准备好下列设备、工具、附件：
a) 适用于该工具尺寸的链钳、管钳、扳手等相应工具。

b) 吊车、拆装架，试验架等设备。

c) 本产品携带的专用工具。

d) 清洗用的煤油等。

e)各种所需的润滑脂、润滑油、L—HM32抗磨液压油。

4.2.2 震击器的拆卸：
1）拆卸前应彻底清洗外筒、水眼及油堵的泥沙。

2）在震击器拆卸以前，应放进试验架内进行检查并与上次的震击负荷对比，以利维修，更换过度磨损的零件。

3）震击器必须处于拉开全行程状态位置才可拆卸。

如不在拉开全行程状态位置的震击器应在试验架上运行到此位置。

4）在拆装架上对外筒各联接螺纹松扣。

5）用钳口夹紧下连接体、卸掉压力体。

这时将有油从筒中流出，用容器收集液压油（液压油沉淀过滤后可再使用）。

6）用装配活塞工具卸下活塞。

7）把钳口夹紧卡瓦外筒卸掉下连接体。

这时将有油从筒中流出，用容器收集液压油（液压油沉淀过滤后可再使用）。

8）把钳口夹紧花键外筒卸延长心轴及液压阀总成，卸下卡瓦外筒。

9）收集好卡瓦、卡瓦上座、卡瓦下座、碟簧、调节内套、调节外套。

10）把钳口夹紧花键外筒卸下上连接体。

11）从心轴上卸下震击垫、卡瓦心轴、花键外筒。

12）卸下所有的密封件。

13）清洗所有的组件，每次拆卸都必须用磁粉或其它无损探伤方法检查所有套筒及花键、公扣、母扣及台肩都要特别注意，有裂纹者应更换零件。

注意：所有零件拆卸后应按顺序摆放并注意记录。

橡胶件注意安装位置并记录以便下次人装配。

不得混入其它组别的零件。

4.2.3 震击器装配
1) 探伤检查所有受力零件。

发现有毛刺，刮伤都要修理，特别是螺纹连接扣，一定要用什锦锉、油石或砂布等仔细地除去毛刺，有裂纹的零件一定要更换。

损坏不可修的件也应更换。

密封表面有割痕、缺口或划痕的零件必须修复，不可修复的必须更换。

2) 建议更换所有橡胶密封件、密封环、挡圈。

3) 洗净各零件并仔细检查，确信零件完好，擦干后，涂一层薄薄的润滑油。

装配前所有螺纹连接处涂丝扣油。

全部橡胶件部位及花键部位，各配合部位均涂L—HM32抗磨液压油。

4) 装配所有橡胶件于各零件上。

5) 检查下连接体和液压阀总成的配合面，如有刮伤必须更换。

6) 夹住心轴大头，花键外筒内密封面涂上少量钙基润滑脂装入心轴上。

7) 将震击垫及卡瓦心轴装入心轴上，并按表1规定紧扣。

8) 夹住花键外筒，将上连接体安装在花键外筒上。

9) 将卡瓦上座、卡瓦、卡瓦下座、碟簧、调节内套、调节外套装到卡瓦心轴上，再将卡瓦外筒安装到上连接体上。

保持调节内套、调节外套间的间隙。

10) 将延长心轴装到卡瓦心轴上，并按表1规定紧扣。

11) 将下连接体装到卡瓦外筒上。

12）将液压阀总成和活塞装到延长心轴，并按表1规定紧扣。

12) 把压力体装到下连接体上。

13) 装配完毕的震击器按表1规定的扭矩对外筒进行紧扣。

表1 各连接螺纹紧扣扭矩kN·m
4.3 地面试验
4.3.1 注油
将震击器放平，以慢速度向震击器两个油腔注L—HM32抗磨液压油。

加油直到无泡为止，拧紧油堵。

4.3.2 密封试验
震击器紧扣注油后，两端接头螺纹装上密封试验接头，用试验架液压系统油打压。

试验压力为20MPa，稳压5分钟，压降不超过0.5MPa；若用清水试验，压为为15MPa，稳压5分钟，不降压，不漏水为合格。

4.3.3 震击试验
1) 震击器必须按表1建议的紧扣力矩上紧后方可在试验架中进行。

2) 出厂震击负荷按表2规定调校好并记录在表格中后方可出厂。

用户在产品维修后可按各油田及地区的要求调校上、下击需击力吨位。

表2 震击载荷参数kN
6. 订货说明
如果您需要订购钢件只需注明是哪个规格的震击器用和钢件的名称和数量。

密封件建议一次性更换所有橡胶密封件，请注明是哪一规格的震击器。

如需订购特殊规格及系列的YJ型震击工具时请注明特殊需求。

橡胶密封件老化期为18个月。

注：本产品同时适用于页岩气的开采。

MECHANICAL-HYDRAULIC DRILLING JAR
７MODEL “YJ” MECHANICAL-HYDRAULIC
DRILLING JAR
1. Construction and Feather
The Model “YJ” Mechanical-hydraulic Drilling Jar is a jarring and stuck
releasing tool. It integrates the up jar and down jar and can release the stuck
accident occurring during drilling operation. The Drilling Jar is an ideal tool for
directional well and deep well drilling.
2. Operating Principle
2.1 Operating Principle Of Up Jar
Lifting drilling tool，slip assembly which bear the acting of dish reed elastic force and slip locking force compels latch mechanism of slip clasp slip mandrel. While slip mandrel up run with mandrel to overcome slip locking force and damping action between hydraulic valve assembly and spindle extension, jar make drill stem accumulate energy、delay time. when mandrel up run to the state of release constraint，elastic potential energy accumulated in drill stem will convert to upward kinetic energy, generate up jar. If need sequence up jar, you need fed off drilling tool till relock latch mechanism, reduplication above process, generate
sequence up jar.
2.2 Operating Principle Of Down Jar
The loosen load of down jar lock can be transfer as per in demand .There are a certain ratio between up locking force and down locking force , and the ratio is adjustable. If down jar，fed off drilling tool until pressure reach to down locking force，jar should generate down jar force. If need to repeat jar，lifting drilling tool to anew securing position，
repeat above process.
3. Operation
Preparative Job Before Tripping In
After the Drilling Jar is reassembled, all connections should be tightened
Up sub
Spline out
Slip mandrel Slip down recess
Jarring pillow
Slip out
Up slip seat
Slip Adjust Inner Sleeve
Dish Reed
Down Sub Adjust Outer Sleeve Extension Mandrel
Hydraulis valve
assembly
Piston
Pressure Body
Mandrel
MECHANICAL-HYDRAULIC DRILLING JAR
８
with the specified torque listed in Table 1 and the inner chamber is filled with the wear-resistant hydraulic oil L-HM32. The jarring load and locking force is adjusted in accordance with the actual situation of a well. Before used, the Drilling Jar must pass the surface jarring test.
The Drilling Jar should be in the cocked position before tripping in.
In drill tool assembly, the Drilling Jar should be connected at the portion of the drill string which is slightly above the drill string neutral point and is in tension condition.
Recommended Drill Tool Assembly
Lower Drill Collar ＋Flexible Extended Shaft ＋“YJ”Drilling Jar＋Heavy Wall Drill Pipe (HWDP) →Upper String
Where, the drill collar must have O.D. not smaller than that of the Drilling Jar and O.D. of the HWDP can not be larger than that of the Drilling Jar.
After the Drilling Jar is included in a drill pipe stand, the clamp is removed and well kept.
Table 1 Tightening Torque for Connections unit: kN·m
3.1 Operation
3.2.1 W hen tripping in, the mud pump should be run first to establish the circulation, then the drill string is lowered slowly, avoiding “artifical ly downward jarring action” due to lowering the drill string directly into the bottom hole. If the stuck accident happens during tripping in, the Drilling Jar can be activated to perform the upward jarring action for releasing the accident.
3.2.2 D uring normal drilling operation, the Drilling Jar should operate in tension condition.
3.2.3 W hen the stuck accident happens and upward jarring action is needed, the operation can be performed based on the following steps:
1) Lower the drill tool until the reading on the weight indicator is 3~5 tons lower than the suspending weight
of the drill tool above the Drilling Jar. At this time, the Drilling Jar returns to the cocked position. If the Drilling Jar is in the cocked position when it is lowered, the step is unnecessary.
To confirm that the Drilling Jar has returned to the cocked position, a scale can be made on the drill pipe above wellhead and the drill pipe is then lowered by an up jar stroke.
2）Lifting drill stem use pull force G，lock brake handle and wait releasing jar Lifting tonnage control the up jarring tonnage. first using lower lifting tonnage, then step-up tonnage. At the same lifting tonnage, you can do many times jarring to strengthen action effect. Maxima lifting tonnage should be less the sum of drill stem weight above jar and maxima up jarring release tonnage of jar. Repeating above process should bring sequence up jarring. Maxima up jarring release tonnage of jar is different upon difference of bit hydraulic pressure drop( saw table two），jar maxima up jarring release tonnage must be fix according to different bit hydraulic pressure drop.
G = jar top drill stem weight + jar up jarring release tonnage
3.2 .4 When the stuck accident happens and downward jarring action is needed, the operation can be performed based on the following steps:
1）The drill tool is lowered at compressional load G＇, generating downward jarring action.
G＇=surface adjusted downward jarring load＋buoyant force in mud＋friction drag due to borehole wall＋weight indicator error
2）Lifting drilling tool，which lifting pull force is more 3～5 tons than the weight of jar top drilling tools make jar return to locked position. repeat above step then can continue down jarring。

When jar down jarring to return original place，the time of lifting drill stem should be reasonable to avoid unnecessary up jarring.
4、Maintenance
Repair At Rig Site (Minor Repair)
After the Drilling Jar has been used down hole for a short time or has performed few jarring actions at medium jarring load, it can be repaired on rig floor.
When the Drilling Jar is lifted out of the borehole, the mud attached on its outer surface and water hole i s flushed, the fill plug portion is also flushed. Additionally, the chrome-plated surface of the mandrel is cleaned, dried, greased and protected with the clamp. Finally, both ends are protected with thread protector.
4.2Repair In Pipe Service Company (Overhaul)
After the Drilling Jar has been used down hole for a long time (normally operating for 400hrs) or has performed violently jarring actions, it should be sent to pipe service company for repair. The tool which repaired in pipe service
company for three times should be reject.
4.2.1Prior to repair, following equipment, tools and accessaries should be available.
1）Chain wrench, pipe wrench, wrench and the like which should accommodate the size of the Drilling Jar.
2）Crane, disassembling and assembling stand, test stand and so on.
3）Special purpose tools for the Drilling Jar.
4）Kerosene for cleaning the Drilling Jar.
5）All types of required lubricating grease, lubricating oil and wear-resistant hydraulic oil L-HM32.
4.2.2 Disassembly of the Drilling Jar
1）Prior to disassembly, fully clean the outer housing, water hole, fill plug, large and small plugs.
2）Prior to disassembly, the Drilling Jar should be placed on the test stand and checked carefully. The jarring load is compared with the load generated last time for ease of maintenance. Replace the over-worn parts.
3）The Drilling Jar can be disassembled only when it is in full stroke open position. otherwise, it should be caused to the position on the test stand.
4）Unscrew all connections of the outer housing on the disassembling and assembling stand.
5）Grip the down sub tightly and remove pressure body.
6）Remove the piston with the corresponding tool.
7）Grip the slip outer barrel and move down sub. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows out of the housing and a container is used to recover the oil which can be used again after precipitation and filtration. Note: it is better to release the upper adjustment sleeve, preventing the piston clamp from damage due to percussion.
8）Grip the spine outer barrel and unscrew the extension mandrel, hydraulic valve assembly and slip outer barrel.
9）Collection the slip, slip upper recess, slip down recess, dish reed, adjustable inner sleeve, adjustable outer sleeve.
10）Grip the spine outer barrel and unscrew up sub..
11）Remove the jarring pillow, slip mandrel, spine outer barrel from mandrel.
12）Remove all sealing elements.
13）Clean all parts. Magnetic power inspection or nondestructive inspection must be conducted on all housings and the spline each time when they are disassembled. Special attention should be given to the pin thread, box thread and the shoulder. Any cracked parts should be replaced.
Note: After disassembled, all parts should be placed in order and carefully recorded. For the rubber elements, the position where they are assembled should be recorded so that the assembly operation next time can be performed with trouble free. The different types of parts can not be mixed.
4.2.3 A ssembly of the Drilling Jar
1) Defect detection is conducted on all stressed parts. If the burr and scuffing are found, the parts should be repaired. Particularly for the connection thread, mixed file, oilstone or sand cloth must be used to erase the burr present on the thread. Any cracked part must be replaced. Also, the part which is damaged and can not be repaired should be replaced. Furthermore, the part must be repaired if such defects as cutting mark, notch and scoring are present on its sealing surface. If it can not be repaired, replacement is must.
2) It is recommended that all rubber sealing elements, sealing rings and retainers should be replaced.
3) Clean and carefully check all parts, ensuring that they are in good condition. After dried, they are painted with a thin layer of lubricating oil. Also, all connection threads should be painted with thread compound before assembled.
Wear-resistant hydraulic oil L-HM32 is painted on all fitting surfaces and the portions where all rubber elements and the spline will be assembled.
4) Assemble the rubber element on all related parts.
5) Inspect the matching surface of down connector and hydraulic valve assembly, if there are scratch, they must be replace.
6) grip mandrel's big end，coat lime grease in internal seal surface of spline outer barrel, then put it in mandrel.
7) put the jarring pillow and slip mandrel in mandrel，buck up according to table 1.
8)grip spline outer barrel，assemble the upper connector to spline outer barrel.
9)assemble the slip up seat、slip、slip down seat、dish reed、adjusting internal sleeve、adjusting outer sleeve to slip mandrel，then assemble slip outer barrel to upper connector. The space between adjust internal sleeve and adjust outer sleeve should be kept.
10) put extend mandrel in slip mandrel，buck up according to table 1.
11) load down connector to slip outer barrel.
12）load hydraulic valve assembly and piston to extend mandrel，buck up according to table 1.
13) load pressure body to down connector.
14）The outer housing of the assembled Drilling Jar is tightened with the specified torque listed in Table 1.
4.3 SURFACE TEST
4.3.1Oil Injection
Lay down the drilling jar. Then, the wear-resistant hydraulic oil L-HM32 is injected into the Drilling Jar at low flow rate until no gas bubble is present. fill plug is tightly screwed on.
4.3.2Leakage Test
After the Drilling Jar is tightened and injected with the hydraulic oil, the leakage test connector is connected to its both ends. Then, the pressure is increased with the hydraulic system on the test stand and maintained at 20 MPa for 5min, the pressure drop should not exceed 0.5 MPa. If the clear water is used for the test, the pressure should be maintained at 15 MPa for 5min without pressure drop and water leakage.
Jarring Test
Before the test is conducted on the test stand, the Drilling Jar must be tightened with the specified torque listed in Table 1.
Before the Drilling Jar leaves the factory, its jarring loads should also be adjusted to the level of specified ex-plant jarring loads listed in Table 2 and should be recorded. After the Drilling Jar is repaired, operators can adjust its upward and downward jarring loads based on their requirement.
Table 2 Jarring Loads of the Drilling Jar unit: KN
6．Order state
If you need order steel piece, plus indicate the name, quantity and it used in which jar recommend to replace all of rubber seal if you need replace rubber seal, meanwhile plus indicate the jar's specification.
If you have special requirement in order YJ type jar, please indicate special requirement.
The aging period of the rubber elements is 18 months.
Note：The product is suitable for the exploitation of the shale gas.。