中介作用理论

Key features of mediation
• Feuerstein identifies 12 features of mediation. • The first three features are considered by Feuerstein to be essential for all learning tasks. The other nine are important and helpful, but they do not necessarily apply to all tasks, and depend to some extent on the situation and culture in which the learning is taking place.
Feuerstein’s viewpoint
• Feuerstein suggests that right from birth a child’s learning is shaped by the intervention of significant adults. He refers to these important figures in the child’s learning as mediators and mediating adults, and experiences that they provide as mediated learning experiences.
Here are the 12 features
• • • • • • • • • • • • Significance Purpose beyond the here and now Shared intention A sense of competence Control of own behavior Goal-setting Challenge Awareness of change A belief in positive outcomes Sharing Individuality A sense of belonging
Feuerstein’s theory of mediation
Introduction
• The theory of mediation was proposed and developed by Vygotsky, a Russian psychologist and Feuerstein, an Israel psychologist and educator.
Vygotsky’s viewpoint
• For Vygotsky and his followers, mediation refers to the use of “tools”. • Tools in this sense refer to anything that is used in order to help solve a problem or achieve a goal. The most important of these tools is symbolic language. For these theorists, the use of mediational language to help learners move into and through their zone of proximal development (ZPD) 最近发展区is particular significant.
Classification of them
• According to William’s book, they are classified into three groups: 1. The first three features 2. Factors concerned with taking control of learning 3. Factors concerned with fostering social development
Factors concerned with fostering social development
• Sharing • Individuality • A sense of belonging
Application of mediation theory
• For example: a task about telling apart two similar pictures. • What mediation purpose can this activity serve?
The first three ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้eatures
• Significance • Purpose beyond the here and now • Shared intention
Factors concerned with taking control of learning
• • • • • • A sense of competence Control of own behavior Goal-setting Challenge Awareness of change A belief in positive outcomes
Value and purpose beyond here and now Control of behavior Goal-setting and challenge Sharing
Investigating mediation in language classrooms
• Warren designed a questionnaire for teachers to use to evaluate their own mediation in language classes. • Williams and Burden designed a questionnaire seeking to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the different features of mediation. • And so on.