英语名词性从句详解(经典)

I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
He told me(that)his parents had
died in the accident and that he had to make a living all by himself.
4. I had no idea whether he will come on time?
注意：
名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，而 不是一般疑问句的语序。
BACK
that和what的运用
What he wants is a book. That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
Baidu Nhomakorabea 注意：
在引导名词性从句时，who、what、 which有疑问意味；whoever、 whatever、whichever是它们的 强势语，不含有疑问意味。如：
I don’t know who broke the window.
I don’t know what/which I should choose.
He said that he had been away from his hometown for ten years.
He asked me where I lived.
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
I don’t know that she is coming.
The news that China succeeded in sending up a manned spaceship was exciting.
The news that he told us was exciting.
注意：
BACK
同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择
I don’t know the fact where he was born.
He worked in the city where he was born.
名词性从句中it的运用
it作形式主语 it作形式宾语
it作形式主语
主语从句有时会很长，复合句就显得头重 脚轻，因此，可以把主语从句移到复合句 后面，而在句首使用it作形式主语。用it 作形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的 搭配关系：
It + be + adj. + that-clause
It + be + P.P.+ that-clause
It + be + n.+ that-clause
It + vi + that-clause
It + be + adj.+ that-clause
It is necessary that… 有必要……
that… 已决定……
that和what都可以引导主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句，that在从句 中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用； what在从句中不仅起连接作用，还 在从句中充当成分。
what一般不用来引导同位语从句。 what不能用作关系代词，因此也 不能引导定语从句。
that的省略（1）
I don’t think(that)she is coming.
Do you know we are worried about whether he is safe? I don’t know whether he could finish the job on time or not.
注意：
引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句只能用whether。
引导宾语从句时应注意：
—I don’t know where we will go.
—The factory where his father works.
—I don’t know how we will go.
—By bus.
—I don’t know why we will go. —To give them a hand with their work. —I don’t knowthat/whetherwe will go. —I don’t know, either.
what和whatever的运用
We will do whatever/what we can to help you. Whatever/What he says is always reasonable.
which和whichever的运用
You may take whichever/ which you like.
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
It + be + P.P. + that-clause
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 从所周知…… It has been decided
名词性从句的语序的考查
1. What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.
2. The question is whether she is coming.
3. Could you tell me where he lives?
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
定语从句是形容词 性修饰性从句
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名词性从句的概念
名词在句子中一般可以充当 主语、表语、宾语、同位语。从 句在语法功能上相当于名词，也 可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾 语、同位语。因此，主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从
句统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句的引导词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
1．连接词
GO
2．连接代词
GO
3．连接副词
GO
连接词：
BACK
that whether if (一般仅用于宾语从句) as if (用于表语从句)
★ 它们不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词：
what whatever who whoever whom whose which
I don’t know the fact where he was born.
He worked in the city where he was born.
复合句、主句、从句的概念
复合句又称主从复合句，由一个主句 和一个或一个以上的从句构成，主句 为句子的主体，从句不能独立，只能 用作句子的一个成分，如主语、表语、 宾语、定语、同位语、状语。
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宾语从句的时态呼应
He believes that his dream will come true one day. Please tell me what you think of the plan.
He told me that he was preparing for the coming mid-term examination.
The books are so good and useful. I don’t know which I have to choose.
what 泛指的事物，没有一定的范围
which 特定事物中的“哪一个”，有 一定的范围
why和because运用
His car broke down on the way.
BACK
连接副词：
when where why because how how组成的词组如：how many,how long, how far 等
学习名词性从句的要点
1、名词性从句的语序的考查 GO
2、名词性从句的连接词的考查 GO
3、宾语从句的时态呼应
GO
4、同位语从句的辨别和引导词的选择
GO
That was why he was late.
他的车在路上抛锚了，那就是他迟到 的缘故。
—Why did he fail in the exam?
—That was because he was
careless.
why强调结果；because强调原因。
who和whoever的运用
Whoever/Who breaks the law should be punished. I will give this book to whoever/who needs it.
注意：
单个宾语从句中的that可以省略； 但用it作形式宾语的宾语从句、并列 宾语从句中第二个及以后宾语从句 中的that不可以省略。 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 中的that一般不可以省略。
if和whether的运用（1）
Whether we will go to town tomorrow depends on the weather.
其他连接词的运用
思考：横线上可以填那些连接词？
I don’t know
we
will go.
根据回答选择适当的连接词：
—I don’t know whether / if we will go. —We won’t. —I don’t know when we will go. —Next Sunday.
The result is that we won the game .
That is what we are looking for.
Please tell us what is happening there.
We should pay attention to what the teacher is saying.
English grammar：
Noun Clauses
判断下列是什么从句：
1. Where he was born was unknown to us.
2. I don’t know where he was born.
3. The unknown was where he was born.
4. I don’t know the fact where he was born.
（1）动词后的宾语从句可以用if， 也可以用whether。
（2）介词后的宾语从句只能用 whether。
（3）宾语从句中有or not时，一般 用whether。
what和which的运用
There are so many things. I don’t know what I have to choose.
5. He worked where he was born.
6. He worked in the city where he was born.
辨析：宾语从句VS状语从句
I don’t know where he was born.
He worked where he was born.
辨析：定语从句VS同位语从句
The question is whether he should do it.
The doctor can’t answer the question whether the old man can survive the operation.
if和whether的运用（2）
I asked him whether / if he could finish the job on time.
从句担任哪个句子成分，这个从句就 叫该成分的的从句。
英语中的从句有：
状语从句 GO
定语从句 GO
主语从句 宾语从句
表语从句 GO
同位语从句
状语从句：
时间状语从句 地点状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句
状语从句是副词 性修饰性从句
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定语从句：
that的省略（2）
That he is top in his class makes his parents very happy. It’s pity that he has made such a mistake.
The reason is that he is careless.
The news that our basketball team won the match made us excited.