行走式小型液压起重机设计

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2012届毕业设计说明书

行走式小型液压起重机设计(机架和小车设计)

系、部:机械工程系

学生姓名

指导教师:杨国辉职称教授

专业:机械设计制造及其自动化

班级:机专0904班

完成时间:2012.5

摘要

本课题的目的就是设计一行走式起重机来代替人力实现重物的搬运。行走式小型液压起重机主要有行走系统,电气控制系统和液压控制系统三部分组成。该起重机的工作原理是:将小车底盘作为工作台,电动机,液压系统和吊臂都安装在上面,由遥控装置来控制电动机,通过电动机对液压泵的控制,从而控制液压马达的转速和液压缸的活塞速度,以实现规定的动作。

通过任务书中的条件参数,设计计算相关的数据,选择钢丝绳的种类和型号,进而计算出卷筒和滑轮的直径,确定一些其它的标准零部件。在此基础上进行传动装置的设计和计算,完成其进行结构设计,工作主要包括完成了轴的设计、确定了带轮的结构、齿轮的结构、卷筒的结构、滑轮的结构、伸臂杆和支撑杆的结构,绘制了绘制了起重机的总装配图、制动轮装置和卷筒装置的结构图,完成部分零件工作图的设计。

关键词:简易起重机;设计计算;结构设计

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to design a walking type crane to replace manpower to realize lifting.Walking type mainly small hydraulic crane operating system, electrical control system and hydraulic control system is composed of three parts.The crane's working principle is: as a car chassis will be working station, motor, hydraulic system and are installed on the crane above, by a remote control device to control motor, the hydraulic pump through the motor control, in order to control the speed of hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinder piston speed, to achieve the required action.

Conditions through the parameters of the task book, design and calculation of relevant data, select the type and model of wire rope, and then calculated the diameter of the drum and pulley, to identify a number of other parts of the standards. Carried out on the basis of gear design and calculation, to complete its structural design, primarily include the completion of the design of the shaft to determine the structure of the pulley, the gear structure of the drum structure, block structure, under and the supporting bar of the structure, rendering a total mapping of the crane assembly, brake drum round of devices and device structure, the completion of the work of some parts of the design plans.

Keyword: simple cable car ;calculation ;structural design

目录

绪论...............................................................03

1 起重机国内外的研究现状

2.起重机的发展趋势

设计计算部分.......................................................07 1.系统工作原理及方案的确定......................................07 2.转运行机构的设计..............................................08

1)确定机构运行方案.............................................08

2)车轮与轨道并验算其强度.......................................08

3)运行阻力计算.................................................09

4)选电动机.....................................................10

5)验算电动机发热条件...........................................10

6)选择减速器...................................................10

7)验算运行速度和实际所需功率...................................11

8)验算起动时间.................................................11

9)按起动工况校核减速器功率.....................................12

10)验算起动不打滑条件..........................................12

11)选择制动器..................................................13

12)选择高速轴联轴器及制动轮....................................13

13)选低速轴联轴器..............................................14

14)浮动轴设计..................................................15 3.运行机构的计算................................................16

1)确定回转机构的总体方案.......................................16

2)轨道直径计算.................................................16

3)中心枢轴计算.................................................16

4)选工业车轮...................................................17 4.轮传动设计....................................................18

1)选定齿轮类型、精度等级及齿数..................................18

2)按接触强度设计...............................................18

3)按齿根弯曲强度设计...........................................19

4)几何尺寸计算.................................................21

5)验算.........................................................21 总结及鸣谢.........................................................22 参考文献...........................................................23

绪论

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