高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧大全.docx

高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧大全

一、四选一型阅读

高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类：细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。

1、细节题解题技巧

细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。

细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后实行

考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考

生判断是非（选出准确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节实行

排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是使用定位法，即根据

题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项实行比较从

而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。

现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧：

（1）关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就能够在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数

字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包

括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First ， Next ，Finally等等。

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s，I always wanted to fly a plane，but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2020，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for

my birthday.（2020年高考英语北京 A 篇）

What happened to the author in 2020？

A. She flew an airplane

B. She entered a competition

C. She went on a hot air balloon ride

D. She moved into a retirement community

解析：此题属典型细节题，通过题干中的时间in 2020不难定位到文中粗体字部分，很容易能够锁定正解为C。

（2）同义定位法。英文中能够用 Paraphrase 表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致，但属于同义性质，同义转换

其实是在关键间的基础上拐了个弯。

He longs for conversations with an editor who will help

him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to

get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his

story idea upside down and inside out ， exploring the best ways

to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. （2020

年高考英语北京 B 篇）

What does the reporter want most from his editors in

their talks？

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas.

解析：此题属细节题，定位方式为同义定位法。题干中的和文章中 conversations对应，而want most和longs for 样不难得出答案为D。

talks 对应，这

小结：在阅读中，精准快速的定位加上准确的理解力才能保证做题的量与质。定位法是需要在做题的过程中有意识的培养的，做题的

技巧也是能够总结的，关键是要自觉培养这种分析归纳和总结的意识以及水平。

2、推理题解题技巧

推断题定义：在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。

出现特征：在考题中经常出现的词有infer，conclude ， learn from，probably，most likely /according to等。imply ，

， prove

indicate，

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No

way could I have sent her away. No way，not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before.

“We're moving h ouse.' ；“No space for her any more with the baby coming. ” “We never really wanted her，but what could we have done ？ She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the

most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came

to the house ？（2020 年高考英语北京 A 篇）

A. Shocked.

B. Sympathetic.

C. Annoyed.

D. Upset.

解析：由题目得知：是考察作者的态度题。首先定位到文章作者

的话语和行为，即

（1） No way could I have sent her away. No way，not me anyway.

（2） We never really wanted her

done？ She was a present.“

，but what could we have