2011高考英语必考词汇短语精编

2011高考词汇短语818
A
a brief introduction to ………的简介
a lucky dog 幸运儿
a heart attack 心脏病
=heart disease
a large(small) audience/population 观众/人口多（少）a narrow escape 九死一生
a piece of furniture 一件家具
a shortcut 捷径
a Tom 某个叫Tom的人
= a certain Tom = some Tom
an approach to doing 做……的方法
an attitude to/towards 对…的态度
above all 最重要的
according to 根据
account for 说明，解释; 占……比例
accomplish/do/work wonders 创造奇迹
accuse sb of sth 因……而控告某人
= charge sb with sth
achieve success/high grades 获得成功/高分
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目标
achieve /serve one’s purpose 达到某人的目的acquire skills/knowledge 获得技能/知识
act as (serve as/function as) 充当
adapt/adjust oneself to sth 使…适应
adjust one’s watch 把表拨准
add to 增加
add up these figures 把这些数字加起来
add up to = come to =amount to共计为
add A to B 把A增加到B
address sb=deliver an address 给某人发表演讲admit sb into/to sp 使……进入
be admitted to 被……录取
ahead of time 提前
= in advance
affect sth =have effect on/upon 影响
after all 毕竟;终究
agree on 对……取得一致意见
agree to(suggestion,plan,arrangement) 同意(建议、计划、安排)
agree with 同意（看法等）; (天气、食物)适合某人; 与……一致aim …at 瞄准
aim at doing = aim to do以…目标
→be aimed at / to do 旨在
all kinds of = a variety of各种各样
all but 根本
→anything but 一点也不
→nothing but 只不过，仅仅
→none but 只有
and so on 等等
answer for 对……负责
apart from 此外，除外(=besides,except for) apologize to sb for ( doing ) sth因为……向某人道歉=make an apology to sb for doing
appeal to 呼吁；吸引；诉诸于
apply to sb for 请求, 申请
apply A to B 把A应用到B中
approve of one’s doing 同意某人做
argue with sb about/over sth 与…争论
arm in arm 手挽手
arouse my interest引起我的兴趣
arrange to do 安排
arrange for sb to do 安排某人去做
=make arrangements for sb to do
arranged marriage 包办婚姻
arrive at an agreement 达成协议
as is often the case 这是常有的事
as soon as 一……就
=no sooner ... than , hardly ... when
as a general rule 一般来说
=generally speaking
as a matter of fact=in fact事实上
as for/to 关于，至于
as far as I am concerned = as for me 至于我
as if = as though 似乎,好像
as good as 几乎
as/so long as 只要
as far as据……所知
ask for advice 寻求建议
ask for leave 请假
ask for a day off 请一天假
ask sb a favour =ask a favour of sb请某人帮忙assist sb with sth/to do/in doing协助
associate A with B 把A和B联系在一起
→be associated with 与……相联系attach…to…附上；联系
at a time 一次；每次
at one time 曾经；一度
at all 根本
at a loss 茫然不知所措
at once 立即，马上
at first sight 乍一看
→at the sight of 一看到
at the mention of 在提到…时
at the mercy of 任……摆布
at the moment 此刻，目前
→in a moment 立刻；马上
→for the moment=for the time being 暂时；目前
at present = currently = right now 现在
at most 至多
at least 至少
at the expense of 以…为代价
at the request of=at one’s request应某人之请求attach the label to your luggage 把标签贴到行李上attach much importance to sth 重视
attempt to do/at doing 企图干
=make an attempt to do
at the first/second attempt 第……次尝试attempted murder/suicide 谋杀/自杀未遂
attend the meeting 出席会议
= be present at the meeting
at home and abroad 在国内外
award sb sth=award sth to sb 授予
→reward sb with sth for doing sth 给某人奖励
B
back and forth来回
bargain with sb about sth 与某人就……讨价还价be able to do = be capable of doing 能够干
→have the ability to do有做…的能力
be about to do sth...when 正要做……这时候
=be on the point of doing …when…
be absent from缺席… (be present at 出席…)
be afraid to do sth…不敢
be afraid of doing害怕去做
be angry at/about sth 对……生气
be angry with sb
be anxious to do 渴望做= be eager to do = long to do=desire sth
be anxious for= be eager for =long for渴望……be available to sb可获得的
be accessible to sb 易获得的；能进入的
be aware of= be conscious of 知道；意识到
be bad/good for→do sb good/do good to sb有利于be beneficial to 对……有益
→benefit sb有益于
→benefit from 从…中获益
be blind to 视而不见
be curious about 对……好奇
be cautious about 对……小心
be contrary to 与……相反
be contradictory to 与……相抵触/矛盾
be due to do 预期做
be harmful to→do harm to 对……有害
be equal to…in... 在…方面与…相等
be equal to doing/sth 能够胜任做…
be familiar with 熟悉
be familiar to 为某人所熟悉
be famous/noted/well-known for 因为……而出名be free of/from 免于
be grateful to sb for doing感激；感谢
=be thankful to sb for=thank sb for
be guilty of crime 有罪
be home to=be the home of 是……的家园
be jealous of 嫉妒
be innocent of crime 无罪
be lacking in 缺乏
=lack sth /be short of
be mad about/for…狂热；着迷
be responsible for 对……负责
be second to…in…在……仅次于
be similar to…in…在……相似
be s uperior to…in…在……有优势
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be typical of 典型的
be in favour of支持
= be for = be on one's side =be in support of
→be against 反对
be in blue 情绪低落
be in low /high spirits 情绪高/低落
=be in a good/bad mood
be on good terms with 和……关系好
be particular about/over 对……挑剔
be addicted to 沉迷于
be anchored in 扎根于
be ashamed to do 以做某事为耻
be ashamed for 因……感到羞愧
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
=be lost/buried in
be bent on 一心想做……
be blessed with 在……方面有福气
be busy/engaged/occupied with sth 忙于be busy/engaged/occupied in doing
be based on 以…为基础
→on the basis of 在…基础上，在…前提下be composed of 由……组成
= be made up of = consist of
be contemned to death 被判处死刑
=be sentenced to death
be dressee in 穿着
be engaged to 和某人订婚
be equipped with 装备有
be accustomed/used to 习惯于
be bored with = be tired of 对…感厌烦
be tired from/with 因为……而疲倦
be burdened with 肩负着
be covered with 为……所覆盖
be crowded with 因为……而拥挤
be concerned about/for 担心……
be concerned with 与……有关
be devoted/dedicated to (doing) sth 致力于→devote/dedicate oneself to
be divided into 被分成
be drafted into 被征召入伍
be drunken with 醉心于
be experienced in 在……方面有经验的be exposed to 被暴露于
be faced with 面对着
be fed up with 对…受够了
be filled with = be full of 充满
be frozen with 因为……而僵住
be infected with 传染上……
be involved in 专心于；涉及
be loaded with 装载着
be located = be situated位于
be made out of 由……组成be marked with 标着
be named after 以…命名
be prejudiced against 对……有偏见
be well received by 受欢迎
=be pupular with/among
be seated 坐着
be separated from 被分开
be set in 以……为背景
be supposed to 应该
be surrounded with/by 为……所围绕before long = soon 不久
→long before=once upon a time 很久以前belong to 属于
to begin with 首先
→at the beginning of 在…初
→from the (very ) beginning 从…一开始behave yourself 行为规矩些
believe sb 相信某人的话
believe in sb = trust sb信任某人beyond recognition 无法辨认
black and blue 遍体鳞伤
black and white 写在纸上；白纸黑字blame sb for sth 因为……责备某人blame sth on sb 把……归咎于某人→lay/put blame on/upon sb
be to blame for 为…而因受责备的
block up 阻塞
build up one's body 强健体魄
brain drain 人才流失
break a record 打破记录
break one's promise/wor食言
break away from突然挣脱；逃脱
break out 爆发
break down坏了；抛锚；衰弱下来；分解break into/in 破门而入
bring about引起；导致
= lead to = result in = cause
bright up 抚养长大；呕吐
bring forward = put forward 提出
in broad daylight 在光天化日之下
burst into tears / laughter 放声大哭/大笑=burst out crying/laughing
be on business 出差
be on holiday/vacation/leave 度假
burn the midnight oil 夜以继日地工作
but for 要不是＋n.＋虚拟句
by accident = by chance 意外地
by air = by plane乘飞机by sea=by ship乘船by the way 顺便问一句
by way of 取道; 经由
by means of 通过
by all means 尽一切办法；当然可以
by no means 决不
by hand 手工
by turns轮流地，交替地
→in turn 依次；转而
C
call off 取消
call sb names 骂人
call one’s name 叫某人的名字
call up 打电话；使回忆起
call on sb/at sp 拜访
call on sb to do sth/for sth 号召
call for 需要
calm down 别紧张
cancel the flight/order取消航班/定单
can't ( help ) but do 不得不; 情不自禁
can't help doing 情不自禁
can’t help (to) do sth 不能帮助做……
can’t choose but do=cannot but do 不得不
=have no choice/alternative/option but to do
can't … too /enough... 再……也不过分
cannot wait to do=can hardly wait to do 迫不及待can/could/be able to afford sth/to do 买得起catch sb alive 活捉某人
care about 在意；担心
care for 照顾；喜欢
carry out 实施
carry on 继续进行；经营
cast a vote 投票
castle in the air 空中阁楼；海市蜃楼
catch sb by the arm抓住……手臂
catch a cold 感冒
catch fire 着火
catch sb doing 抓住……正在做……
catch sight of 一看到
catch/keep up with 跟上
catch fire 着火cause sb to do 造成…去做…
→the reason why/for ……的原因
→the cause of ……的原因
the cause of world peace 世界和平事业
cause and effect 因果
Chances are that...……很有可能
= It is likely that…
charge sb money for doing sth 因做…而向…索价cheer up 振作起来
cheer on 为某人加油
check in 登记；检票
check out 结帐离开
claim to have done 宣称做过
clear up 清理；放晴
clear one's throat 清嗓子
come close to being done 几乎被
close down 关闭
come up ①= come near走近
②be put forward 被提出；出现come to oneself 苏醒
come to an agreement/a conclusion 达成协议/结论come across= run into = meet with 偶遇
come along = get along 进展
come by = pass by 路过
come into being 开始形成
= come into existence
come into effect 开始生效
=come into force
→bring sth into effect 实施
come onto the market 上市
come out first 得第一
come to a stop 停止
come to an end 结束
commit murder/crime/mistakes犯凶杀/罪/错commit suicide 自杀
common sense 常识
common practice 普遍的做法
compare A with/to B 拿…与…比较
compare A to B 把…比做…
complain to sb of / about sth 抱怨
concentrate (oneself) on 全神贯注于
= focus (one's attention/mind/eyes) on
=fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on
concerning prep. 关于
= about = with regard to=regarding
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺
consider doing考虑
consider sb to have done 认为某人做了
consult one’s lawyer/a dictionary请教律师/查阅词典contact sb 与某人联系
=get in contact/touch with sb =make contact with lose contact with与…失去联系
contribute to sth 促成，有助于
correspond to/with 与……一致
→be consistent with
cost sb an arm and leg 使某人付出昂贵的代价cure sb of 治愈
→treat sb for 治疗
a cure for ……治疗的方法/措施
cut down one's expense 减少……费用
D
dance to music 随着音乐的节奏跳舞
date back to=date from 追溯到
day after day 日复一日
day by day 一天天地；逐日
deal with=cope with/handle 处理
depend on/upon 依靠
→be dependent on/upon
→be independent of/from 独立于
deserve doing/to be done=be worth doing 值得被
=be worthy to be done/of being done
develop a film 冲洗胶卷
die out 灭绝
differ from 与……不同
discourage…from 阻止
distinguish…from 区别
disturb the balance of nature 打破自然界的平衡do/cause damage to 毁坏
do one’s bit 尽一点力；干份内的事
draw/ take a lesson from 从…吸取教训
E
each other（两者）互相
→one another （两者以上）互相
economic development
an economical car to run 节油汽车
enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做
encourage sb to do 鼓励
→inspire sb to do 激励end up with 以…结束
end up (by) doing 以做…结束
end in failure/divorce 以失败/离婚而告终
enter for 报名参加, 竞选
exchange our opinions 交流观点
expand the production 扩大生产
expect too much of sb 对…期待过多
explain sth to sb=explain to sb sth 解释
explore the unknown 探索
ever since 从那时起；一直到现在
every other day每隔一天
=every two days=every second day 每两天
F
fail (in) an exam 考试不及格
fail to do 未能做
fall behind 落后
fall asleep 睡着
far from 远离；远非
find fault with sb 挑剔
for fear of 因害怕…
feed sth to sb=feed sb on sth用……喂，养
feed on= live on 以…为生
feel like doing sth = want to do sth
fill in=fill out 填写
fire sb 解雇→hire sb 雇佣
first of all 首先
follow one's instructions 听从指示
follow the fashion 赶时髦
follow one's example 以……为榜样
→as follows 如下The report reads as follows. for certain = for sure 的确
for good = forever 永远
for example = for instance 例如
foreign affairs外交事务
forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人某事
form the habit of doing 形成……的习惯
free of charge 免费的
freezing cold 非常冷
for fun 为了乐趣
=for the fun of it
for the good of 为了……好处
G
generation gap 代沟
get along 进展
get sb down 使…沮丧
get across 穿过,使被理解
get over 克服
get hold of 抓住
get through 做完，通过
go aboard 上船（飞机、车）
go abroad 出国
go up 上升（价格、温度）
go down 下降
go in for ①参加②喜欢
go over 复习
go out 熄灭
go without 没……也能应付
graduate from 从…毕业
H
hand in 上交
hand over = turn over 移交
happen to do 碰巧
→It so happened that...
have a word with和某人谈话
have words with sb和某人吵架
have an effect on=affect 影响
have nothing/something to do with与……有关/无关have a gift for=be talented in 在……有天赋
have a good command/grasp of 牢固掌握
have a good understanding of 理解
have a good/poor imagination 想象力好/坏
have a large collection of 有…收藏
have a knowledge of有某方面的知识
have a general idea of 对……有大致了解
have an advantage over sb 比某人有优势
have an appetite for 对……有渴望
have an audience of 有…的观众（vocabulary, population, staff, history ）
have access to sth 有接近/使用……的机会
have difficult/trouble (in) doing 做……有困难have sth in common 有……共同之处
have faith in 相信
hear from 收到……来信
heart and soul 全心全意
help out 帮助……克服困难
help oneself to sth 随便吃
hesitate to do做……犹豫
historical background/events 历史背景/事件historic spots 古迹
hunt for a job找工作
hurry up快点
I
if only 但愿
immediate cause 直接原因
impress sb with=impress sth on sb给……深刻印象in addition to= besides= as well as除了…还有
= along with = together with=on top of
in a hurry 匆忙
in a loud voice 大声说
in a mess 凌乱；肮脏
in addition 此外，而且
= besides = furthermore =moreover=what’s more in all directions 朝四面八方
in an attempt to do 企图做
in an effort to do 努力做
in bad/desperate need/want of 迫切需要
in between 在两者之间
in great demand 非常需要
in exchange for 作为…的交换
in / during the course of 在…期间
in detail 详细地
in case 以防；万一
in case of
in this/that case 在那种情况下
in any case 无论如何
in the open air 在露天
in all 总共
in conclusion 总之
in/by contrast 相比之下
in danger=at risk在危险中
→at the risk of
in defence of 防御；为……辩护
in good condition=in a good state状态好
in early/late fall 在早/晚秋
in nature 本质上
in/under no circumstances 决不
= on no account = in no case
=in no way=by no means=at no time
in no time立刻
in honour of 尊敬；纪念
in memory of 纪念
in praise of 赞扬
in search of 寻找
in spite of=despite 尽管
→regardless of 不管；不顾
in other words=that is (to say) 换句话说
→namely 即
in one's twenties在……二十几岁
in public 在公共场合
in particular 尤其；特别
in rags 衣衫褴褛
in ruins 残破
in return for作为回报
in response to 对……作出回应
in terms of 从……方面来说
in time for 及时
in the end 最后；终于
→at the end of 在……结尾/末端
→by the end of 到……为止（常与完成时连用）in the long/short term 就长期/近期而言
in the hope of/that 希望
in the form of 以…方式
in the distance 在远方
in vain 徒劳
involve one’s doing 涉及某人做
in the years to come 接下几年中
= in the following years
in this aspect = in this respect 在…方面
It's certain that... =There’s no doubt that…肯定会
It is convenient for sb to do 方便
it is estimated that…据估算
It's my fault that... …是我的错
It's no good/use doing...做…没好处/没用
insist on doing sth 坚持做
→stick to sth 坚持.
instead of=in place of 代替
→take the place of
J
join sb in doing sth 和某人一起做
join the club/army
judging from/by 从……判断
K
keep one's promise/word 遵守诺言
keep on doing sth 反复某一个动作
keep doing sth 持续
keep to 遵守keep up with 赶上
= catch up with
keep/prevent/stop sb from doing 阻止
keep balance 保持平衡
keep sb informed of 使某人知晓
keep sb company 陪伴某人
keep up 保持
keep…in mind 记住
=learn…by heart
keep the traffic flowing. 保持交通畅通无阻key to doing sth 做……的关键
kill time 消磨时间
kind of=sort of 有点
kneel down=fall on one’s knees 跪下
L
last but not least 最后的但不是不重要的latest news 最新的消息
lay down one's arms.放下武器
lead/live a happy life 过幸福生活
lean against 斜靠着
learn to do 学做
learn from sb 向某人学习
leave for sp 离开去…
leave alone 让某人独自呆着，不干扰
leave behind 遗忘，留下，不带
leave out 省略
let alone=not to mention更不用说
let sb down 使…沮丧
let out 放出；漏泄
lie in 在于
limited natural resources 有限的自然资源
listen for 留神听
little by little 逐渐地
live up to one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期望load the gun 装弹
look into 深入调查
look out 当心
look through 浏览
lose heart 丧失勇气
lose face 丢脸
lose one's mind 失去理智
lose one's temper 发火
lose one's way = be lost 迷路
M
maintain one’s dignity 保持尊严
major in = specialize in 主修
make a comment/comments on... 评论make an effort to do 做出努力去做make an attempt at 试图做
make ends meet 使收支平衡
make a fire 生火
make a fortune by/from doing 通过…发财make friends with sb
make a list of=list sth 列出
make joint efforts to do 齐心协力做make up one's mind to do 下定决心去make fun of 取笑
=play a joke/trick on sb
Make your self at home. 别拘束。

make ends meet 收支平衡
make room for 给…让出空地方
make one's way to 前去；去
make way for 让位；让路
make off with 带着…逃走
make trouble 制造麻烦
make no sense 无意义
make sense of 弄懂
make profit 获利
make preparations to do/for sth 准备做→in preparation for
make full use of 使用
=make the most of
=take full advantage of
make out 辨别出; 理解
make the acquaintance of 认识某人make up for 弥补
=compensate for
make it 及时抵达; 成功
make a success of 使……成功manage to do 做成……
=succeed in doing
mass media 大众传媒
mind one’s manners注意礼貌
marry sb 结婚
=be/get married to sb
A match
B 相配
=A go with B
mistake A for B误认为might (just) as well do...不妨做
might well do…很有可能
May you succeed.祝你成功
= Wish you success.
mean to do = intend to do 打算干……
mean doing 意味着做……
meet one's needs 满足…需求
=cater to/satisfy one’s needs
meet the deadline (for…) 如期完成
mend one's ways 改过自新，改邪归正
Mind out = Watch out当心.
more or less 或多或少；大体上
more than ①= over 超过
②= not only 不仅仅是
③= very
no more than ①两者都不②= only 只不过more…than…与其……倒不如说……
N
native language母语
= mother tongue
need sth badly 迫切希望得到…
=want sth badly
not a little （=very much）不是一点点
not a bit (= not at all) 一点也不
not nearly远非
= far from
=nowhere near/not anywhere near
next to 在……旁边；与……相比
next to impossible 几乎不可能
next to nothing=very little
not in the least 一点也不
not necessarily 未必；不一定
negotiate with sb about/on/over 谈判
neglect one's duties 渎职
net weight 净重
net profit 净利润
(It is) no wonder that 难怪
not that ... but that ... 不是（因为）…而是（因为）…now that 既然；由于
O
on account of因为，由于
= because of = owing to = due to
→thanks to 幸亏
on average 平均而论
object to doing sth 反对做
=be opposed to doing sth
occur to sb 某事被想起
=come to sb
=sth hit/strike sb
on condition that 条件是
= if = provided/providing that
on board在船〔火车, 飞机, 汽车〕上
on fire 着火
on purpose 故意；有目的
on sale 有售；廉价出售
→for sale 待售
on strike 罢工
on the air 在广播中
on the contrary 相反
on/over the radio 通过收音机
on the increase/decrease 在增长/减少中
on the go/move
on the scene/spot 在现场
only too…to…当然
→too ready…to…随时等着
out of breath 上气不接下气
→hold/catch one's breath 闭住呼吸
→take/draw a deep breath 深呼吸
on behalf of 代表
operate on sb 给某人动手术
or else 否则；要不然
or rather 更确切地说
or so 大约
owe sb sth 归因于；欠
=owe sth to sb
P
participate in 参加
pass away 死亡
pay a visit to 拜访
pay attention to 对…加以注意
→catch/draw /attract/hold one's attention吸引注意力pass the bill 通过议案
→reject the bill 否决议案
pay off 还清；有所回报
place an order for 下订单
polish up skills 增强技能
=sharpen skills
pay the bill 付账单pick up a bargain 买到便宜货
pretend to do 假装做
push ahead with 推动；推进
put sth away 收起；储存
put up with 忍受
put/place/lay emphasis/stress on/upon sth 强调=attach importance to 重视
Q
quantities of/amounts of 大量的（谓语复数）quit school 辍学
=drop out of school
queue up 排队
R
rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
range from…to…在……范围内变化
reach a goal 达到…目标
reach out 伸出（手）
regard...as把…认作
=consider/see/treat/view…as
=think of …as /look on…as/ refer to…as relieve pressure 缓解压力
require/want/need doing/to be done需要被……rid…of…摆脱；去掉
→get rid of除掉
run away 逃走
run out of 用光
=use up/wipe out
run out 被用光
=be used up
=give out
S
search for 寻找
see sb off 为某人送行
seek one’s fortune 寻找发迹的机会
set sb free 释放…
=release sb
send for 派人去请
set sth on fire = set fire to sth 纵火
set a limit to 对……加以限制
settle down （使）稳坐下来；定居
share one’s opinion 同意某人的观点
show sb around 带领某人参观……
show up 出现
show off 炫耀
side effect 副作用
spare no efforts to do 不遗余力去干……speak highly of sb高度评价
spoil one’s appetite 毁了某人胃口
split up 分裂；分手
spring up 迅速出现；突然兴起
stand for 代表
submit to 听任；呈递
→resign oneself to 听任
subscribe to 同意（观点）；订阅suffer from 遭受…
suspect sb of doing 怀疑某人做
supply/provide/furnish sb with 提供
=provide sth for sb
=supply sth to sb
=furnish sth to/for sb
T
take an exam=sit for an exam 参加考试take sth into account考虑
= take sth into consideration = consider sth take action/steps/measures to do采取行动take an active part in积极参加
= be active in
take care 当心
take care of 照顾
= look after
take it easy 别着急
take your time 慢慢来
take no notice of不加以注意
= pay no attention to
tell sth apart 区别开
=tell A from B
tell right from wrong 分清对错
tell lies 说谎
tend to do/be 趋向于
the old = the aged = the elderly 老年人the majority of 大多数的
to one's advantage 对…有利的是
to one's astonishment = to one’s surprise
to one mind = in one's opinion 据……看来to on e’s relief 令某人释怀
to some/a certain degree 到某种程度为止translate…into…翻译
try on 试穿try out 试验；选拔
turn over a new leaf 改过自新，重新开始
U
under age 未到年龄
under construction 在建造中
under consideration 在考虑中
under discussion在讨论中
under repair在修理中
under treatment/way在治疗中/在进行中unless otherwise stated/mentioned 如不另作说明W
wear out 用坏；耗尽
wind up 上发条；把（汽车窗玻璃等）摇上with difficulty 困难地
with the help/aid/assistance of 在……的帮助下work out 锻炼；想出；进展；成功。