超低渗油藏体积压裂与渗吸采油开发新模式

断块油气田

FAULT-BLOCK OIL&GAS FIELD

第26卷第4期2019年7月doi:10.6056/dkyqt201904017

超低渗油藏体积压裂与渗吸采油开发新模式

吴忠宝，李莉，阎逸群

（中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京100083）

基金项目：国家科技重大专项课题“低渗、特低渗复杂油藏规模有效动用关键技术"（2017ZX05013-006）；

中国石油勘探与生产分公司专项“新区规模动用效益建产技术及对策研究与应用”（Et2018-13-01）摘要由于低产油量低产液量、无效注水井比例高，经济效益差，常规注水开发已经难以建立有效驱替系统，不能适应超低渗油藏经济有效开发的需要#渗吸采油开采机理研究表明，体积改造在油藏中产生了复杂的裂缝网络系统，大幅增加了渗吸采油速度。因此，超低渗油藏的渗吸采油已经由开发中的从属和辅助作用上升为主导作用$文中提出了体积改造油藏的注水吞吐、异步注采等渗吸采油开发方式，进而建立了超低渗油藏“直井缝网压裂+有效驱替+渗吸采油”和“水平井/直井多轮次体积压裂+注水吞吐渗吸采油”开发新模式。该模式实现了超低渗油藏开发由孔隙驱替向缝网有效驱替、由连续强化注水向灵活渗吸采油方式的转变$新开发模式在超低渗油藏的现场实践中已经初见成效，具有重要的推广价值$

关键词超低渗油藏；体积改造；渗吸采油；注水吞吐；异步注采；裂缝网络

中图分类号:TE348文献标志码：A

New development pattern of network fracturing and imbibition oil recovery for super-low

permeability oil reservoirs

WU Zhongbao,LI Li,YAN Yiqun

(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,Beijing100083,China) Abstract：It is very difficult to build effective driving system for super-low permeability oil reservoir through general fracturing technology and water injection.With low production,high ratio of ineffective water injection,and low economic effect,traditional waterflooding cannot adapt to the economically effective development of the super-low permeability oil reservoir.In this article,first,it is pointed out that the imbibition oil recovery has changed from the subordinate effect into the donimant one in the super-low permeability oil reservoir after network fracturing,because the complicated fracture network has sped the imbibition rate in quantity degree according to imbibition oil recovery mechanism;second,some development methods are proposed,such as waterflooding huff and puff,asynchronous injection and production;finally,two new development patterns are created,one is"vertical well network fracturingOeffective displacement+imbibition oil recovery",the other one is"multi-network refracturingOwaterflooding huff and puff imbibitions".The new patterns realize transformation from porous displacement to fractural displacement,from continuously enhanced waterflooding to imbibition waterflooding.The new development patterns hold important popularization value in super-low permeability;they had been successfully put into use in some oil fields and will show more and more important effect in super-low permeability oil reservoir development

Key words：super-low permeability oil reservoirs;network fracturing;imbibition oil recovery;waterflooding huff and puff;

asynchronous injection and production;fracture network

国内油气田经过几十年的勘探开发，以低渗透为主的油藏逐渐成为开发主体⑴。其中，超低渗油藏由于储层物性极差，常规注水开发难以建立有效驱替系统，普遍存在低产油量低产液量、注水效果差的开发难题。因此，油田现场往往采用超破裂压力和高注采比的强化注水政策"2'4#）但即使如此，油藏中多数油井仍然难以受效，无效注水井比例高，注水开发经济效益差，动

收稿日期：2019-01-09（改回日期：2019-05-13。

第一作者：吴忠宝，男，1970年生，高级工程师，博士，1993年本科毕业于中国石油大学（华东）油藏工程专业，研究方向为低渗透及致密油开发理论与方法。E-mail:wzb2009@ o

引用格式：吴忠宝，李莉，阎逸+.超低渗油藏体积压裂5渗吸采油开发新模式[J].断块油气田，2019,26(4)：491-494.

WU Zhongbao，LI Li,YAN Yiqun.New development pattern of network fracturing and imbibition oil recovery for super-low permeability oi.

reservoirs[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field，2019,26(4) ：491-494.