《现在完成时态》 ppt课件

❖ eg: He has always helped us （到目前为止）
❖
He always helps us. (一贯如此)
❖
I have seldom watched cartoons these
days.(这几天的情况)
❖
I seldom watch cartoons. （一贯如此）
《现在完成时态》
since this morning)
× I have come back just now.
I came back just now.
× When have you seen him?
When did you see him?
When不切的时间。
❖
用法二：
表示过去某个时间开始的动作 或存在的状态，一直持续到现
在并可能还将持续下去。动词
使用延续性动词。常与for或
since引导的时间连用
for+段时间 since+点时间 since+句子（过去时）
E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years.
Kate has lived here since 3 years ago.
past
present
I have lived here for two years
❖ 1.都表示过去发生的事 ❖ 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具
体的时间状语连用；
❖ 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过 去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）
❖ 现在完成时和一般过去式的区别： ❖ 1） 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为
过去，现已不复存在。表示纯粹的过去，与 现在没有联系。而现在完成时强调过去的动 作与现在的关系。对现在产生的结果，影响 等。 ❖ I have lost my bag. (现在还没找到) ❖ I lost my bag. (丢了钱包，现在是否找到， 不知道)
already ever
yet
never
just
these days
recently in the past ten years
lately
in the last two years
for +段时间(for a long time, for two months since+点时间(since two years ago,
eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast.
2. When did you come here? I watched the football match on TV at 9:00.
《现在完成时态》
❖ 1. I h__a_v_e_h_a_d_(have) lunch already.
❖ 2）现在完成时与现在有联系，过去时表示的过去 时间的经历，与现在没有联系。
❖ 所以如果动作发生在特定的过去时间，如last night, yesterday, three days ago, just now, in 1998等则不能用现在完成时，必须用一般过去时。 试比较：
❖ The film has been on ten minutes ago. (╳)
Kate has lived here since she came to China.
My father hasn’t smoked for two months, He is trying to give it up. 我父亲已经有两个月没有抽烟了。他现在在努力戒烟。
❖ 2. Has the train_a_r_r_iv_e_d_ (arrive), yet? ❖ 3.Tome _h_a_s_ never_b_e_e_n__to_ (be to ) China. ❖ 4. The twin __h_a_s__just _s_e_e_n_(see) my
father.
《现在完成时态》
《现在完成时态》
❖构成: have/has + done (过去分词)
❖用法一：
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
❖ 现在完成时用来表示已发生或完成的动作或 状态，其结果和现在有联系，动作或状态发 生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。例如：
❖ Mrs. Smith lived in Beijing for seven years. (史密斯太太已不再住在北京)
❖ Mrs. Smith has lived in Beijing for seven years. (史密斯太太还住在北京)
I lived there 2 years ago
❖ 5. The twins s_a_w__(see) my father just now. ❖ 6. Many tall buildingsh_a_v_e_b__e_e_n_b_u_i_lt(build)
in the past 5 years.
❖ 现在完成时与一般现在时的区别：
❖ 1. 一般现在时和现在完成时都可以与often, always, seldom, never等副词连用，但意义不同。现在完 成时强调一段特定时间里反复发生的情况，而一般 现在时强调一般情况，说明主语的特征。试比较：
❖ The film began ten minutes ago. (√)
❖ The film has been on for ten minutes. (√) ❖ 3) 询问某事过去发生的具体时间，具体地点时必须
用一般过去时，
❖ When did you lose your luggage?
❖ Where did they leave for?
❖ eg: I have lost my wedding ring. 我丢了 我的结婚戒指（这一动作虽然发生在过去， 但影响持续到现在，其结果是我现在没有结 婚戒指了）
❖ I have sent him a Christmas card.
❖ He has just bought a new house.