原住民文化、历史、文学(美)
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• Born in 1580 in Willoughby, England • Died in London, June, 1631
Questions to be discussed
1. Compare the differences of the idea of storytelling held by American Indians and Taiwan‘s aboriginal people in terms of the significance, the ideas referred to, and so forth?
you. • Language and naming • Scapegoat: John Ratcliff • Sacajawea, Catharine, Manina, (Matoaka)
Pocahontas
Pocahontas
• Barbour, Philip L. Pocahontas and Her World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1970.
6. 如何陳述原住民刻板印象及意涵？
比較文學導論: 原住民文學與現代性
¡“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據 時期以迄現在的觀察>
¡彭小妍之<族群書寫與民族/國家-論原住民文學
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ Dຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu The story of the arrowmaker is also a link between language and literature. It is a remarkable act of the mind, a realization of words and the world and it illustrates something of the essential character of the imagination: the man made of words. (11)
2. What’s the relationship between imagination and existence for the Kiowa people?
3. 試評論莫那能的詩作(評論集116,118, 119)?試以其作品論述原住民文學在 漢語譯解運用上的特色?與你所認識的台灣漢族作家的寫作風格是否不同? 4. 原住民的命運: 瓦歷斯諾幹質疑原住民是否能在發展模式與文化延續上取得 平衡點.你認為呢? 5. 你認為原住民文學是否應成為諾幹所謂的中心文學?你認為原住民作家應以 漢語或原住民母語寫作?
Stereotype: the savage
• Definition: oversimplified not complicated; false not authentic; second-hand represented not directly experienced; never evolved/revised image
tuberculosis in March 1617. • She was buried in a churchyard in Gravesend,
England. She was 22 years old.
John Smith
• This portrait of Captain John Smith appeared on a 1616 map of New England.
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ Storytelling: A. Only when man is embodied in an idea, and the idea is realized in language, can man take possession of himself. (7) B. When the imagination is superimposed upon the historical event, it becomes a story. (8) C. Oral tradition is used to designate a rich body of preliterate storytelling in and among the indigenous cultures of North America. (8)
¡ ---Solution: an ethical idea of the land (5) ¡ ---Reason: the individual and the racial
experience were realized for her in the one memory, and that was of the land. (5)
• Woodward, Grace Steele, Pocahontas. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1969.
Pocahontas
• the daughter of Powhatan • the Algonquian Indians in the Tidewater region
• Neill, Rev. Edward D. Pocahontas and Her Companions. Albany: Joel Munsell, 1869.
• Rountree, Helen C. Pocahontas People: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia Through Four Centuries Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
i. The point of the story lies, not so much in what the arrowmaker does, but in what he speaks.
¡ ii. The story of the arrowmaker centers upon this procession of words toward meaning. (11)
2. To Momaday, the living memory and
the verbal tradition which transcends it are brought together for all in the person of Ko-sahn. (1~2)
¡ ---The name “Ko-sahn” seemed to humanize the whole complexity of language.
of Virginia • born around 1595 • Little Wanton," playful little girl” • saw white men for the first time in May 1607
when Englishmen –John Smith • a legendary story, romanticized (if not entirely
invented) by Smith • Married Kocoum in 1610
Pocahontas
• Pocahontas was baptized, christened Rebecca, and later married John Rolfe on April 5, 1614.
• The arrival of Pocahontas in London in 1616 • She was deathly ill from pneumonia or possibly
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ 4. Story-telling: Man tells stories in order to understand his experience, whatever it may be. The possibilities of storytelling are precisely those of understanding the human experience. (7)
¡ ---Ko-sahn had existence, whole being, in Momaday’s imagination. It is but one kind of being, but it is perhaps the best of all kinds. (3)
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
原住民文化、历史、文学(美)
Comparative Literature: Methodology
• Period
• Movement
• Genre
• Theme
Comparative Methodology
• 比較文學、比較文化（comparing literature, comparing culture）
浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據時期以迄 現在的觀察>
¡ 因為文化會對於生存於其氛圍間的成員產
生型塑的作用，因此在自然而不受外力干擾 的環境下，文學作品必將受到文化習俗的影 響，形成一種文化的特色與風格。 (96)
浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據時期以 迄現在的觀察>
¡ 3. Once in his life a man ought to concentrate his mind upon the remembered earth. (3)
¡ ---Problem: a kind of psychic dislocation of ourselves in time and space
• Native stereotype: (noble) savage garden of Eden tribal spirituality primitive and uncivilized
Pocahontas
• 1995 Disney movie • Multicultural chic • Intersection gender and race: the Other • Spirituality and maternal nature • Grandma Willow: there is so much we can teach
• 原住民文學又稱第四世界文學 • 1969年N. Scott Momaday《日昇之屋》
（House Made of Dawn）--「原住民文藝 復興」 • 台灣原住民文化的創世紀 --八0年代中期以 後
Aboriginal Themes
• 原住民文化歷史 • 原住民文學發展與困境 • 原住民文字書寫與口傳傳統 • 原住民文學與去殖民論述 • 原住民文學與主體論述 • 認同與記憶 • 族群書寫與國家 • 原住民女性書寫（文字、母語與繪本） • 原住民自然、生態文化
1. The relationship between language and experience: We are all made of words; our most essential being consists in language. (1)
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
Questions to be discussed
1. Compare the differences of the idea of storytelling held by American Indians and Taiwan‘s aboriginal people in terms of the significance, the ideas referred to, and so forth?
you. • Language and naming • Scapegoat: John Ratcliff • Sacajawea, Catharine, Manina, (Matoaka)
Pocahontas
Pocahontas
• Barbour, Philip L. Pocahontas and Her World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1970.
6. 如何陳述原住民刻板印象及意涵？
比較文學導論: 原住民文學與現代性
¡“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據 時期以迄現在的觀察>
¡彭小妍之<族群書寫與民族/國家-論原住民文學
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ Dຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu The story of the arrowmaker is also a link between language and literature. It is a remarkable act of the mind, a realization of words and the world and it illustrates something of the essential character of the imagination: the man made of words. (11)
2. What’s the relationship between imagination and existence for the Kiowa people?
3. 試評論莫那能的詩作(評論集116,118, 119)?試以其作品論述原住民文學在 漢語譯解運用上的特色?與你所認識的台灣漢族作家的寫作風格是否不同? 4. 原住民的命運: 瓦歷斯諾幹質疑原住民是否能在發展模式與文化延續上取得 平衡點.你認為呢? 5. 你認為原住民文學是否應成為諾幹所謂的中心文學?你認為原住民作家應以 漢語或原住民母語寫作?
Stereotype: the savage
• Definition: oversimplified not complicated; false not authentic; second-hand represented not directly experienced; never evolved/revised image
tuberculosis in March 1617. • She was buried in a churchyard in Gravesend,
England. She was 22 years old.
John Smith
• This portrait of Captain John Smith appeared on a 1616 map of New England.
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ Storytelling: A. Only when man is embodied in an idea, and the idea is realized in language, can man take possession of himself. (7) B. When the imagination is superimposed upon the historical event, it becomes a story. (8) C. Oral tradition is used to designate a rich body of preliterate storytelling in and among the indigenous cultures of North America. (8)
¡ ---Solution: an ethical idea of the land (5) ¡ ---Reason: the individual and the racial
experience were realized for her in the one memory, and that was of the land. (5)
• Woodward, Grace Steele, Pocahontas. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1969.
Pocahontas
• the daughter of Powhatan • the Algonquian Indians in the Tidewater region
• Neill, Rev. Edward D. Pocahontas and Her Companions. Albany: Joel Munsell, 1869.
• Rountree, Helen C. Pocahontas People: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: The Powhatan Indians of Virginia Through Four Centuries Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
i. The point of the story lies, not so much in what the arrowmaker does, but in what he speaks.
¡ ii. The story of the arrowmaker centers upon this procession of words toward meaning. (11)
2. To Momaday, the living memory and
the verbal tradition which transcends it are brought together for all in the person of Ko-sahn. (1~2)
¡ ---The name “Ko-sahn” seemed to humanize the whole complexity of language.
of Virginia • born around 1595 • Little Wanton," playful little girl” • saw white men for the first time in May 1607
when Englishmen –John Smith • a legendary story, romanticized (if not entirely
invented) by Smith • Married Kocoum in 1610
Pocahontas
• Pocahontas was baptized, christened Rebecca, and later married John Rolfe on April 5, 1614.
• The arrival of Pocahontas in London in 1616 • She was deathly ill from pneumonia or possibly
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
¡ 4. Story-telling: Man tells stories in order to understand his experience, whatever it may be. The possibilities of storytelling are precisely those of understanding the human experience. (7)
¡ ---Ko-sahn had existence, whole being, in Momaday’s imagination. It is but one kind of being, but it is perhaps the best of all kinds. (3)
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday
原住民文化、历史、文学(美)
Comparative Literature: Methodology
• Period
• Movement
• Genre
• Theme
Comparative Methodology
• 比較文學、比較文化（comparing literature, comparing culture）
浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據時期以迄 現在的觀察>
¡ 因為文化會對於生存於其氛圍間的成員產
生型塑的作用，因此在自然而不受外力干擾 的環境下，文學作品必將受到文化習俗的影 響，形成一種文化的特色與風格。 (96)
浦忠成之<原住民文學發展的幾回轉折-由日據時期以 迄現在的觀察>
¡ 3. Once in his life a man ought to concentrate his mind upon the remembered earth. (3)
¡ ---Problem: a kind of psychic dislocation of ourselves in time and space
• Native stereotype: (noble) savage garden of Eden tribal spirituality primitive and uncivilized
Pocahontas
• 1995 Disney movie • Multicultural chic • Intersection gender and race: the Other • Spirituality and maternal nature • Grandma Willow: there is so much we can teach
• 原住民文學又稱第四世界文學 • 1969年N. Scott Momaday《日昇之屋》
（House Made of Dawn）--「原住民文藝 復興」 • 台灣原住民文化的創世紀 --八0年代中期以 後
Aboriginal Themes
• 原住民文化歷史 • 原住民文學發展與困境 • 原住民文字書寫與口傳傳統 • 原住民文學與去殖民論述 • 原住民文學與主體論述 • 認同與記憶 • 族群書寫與國家 • 原住民女性書寫（文字、母語與繪本） • 原住民自然、生態文化
1. The relationship between language and experience: We are all made of words; our most essential being consists in language. (1)
“The Man Made of Words” by N. Scott Momaday