名词性从句详解ppt

2. 由wh-疑问词引导。
whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情 况只能用whether.
1. 介词后的宾语从句.
Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow. 2. whether…or not的宾语从句. I don’t know whether or not she’ll like it.
四. 同位语从句
（ that引导，无意义，不充当成分；wh-等连接副词引导 根据句意判断。）
同 位 语 从 句 一 般 跟 在 名 词 fact,news,
promise,truth,belief,thought,idea, answer,information,knowledge,doubt hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion 后
3. 动词不定式只能用whether.
Idon't know whether to believe him.
但: 宾语从句否定时常用if引导.
He asked if you would not go and see him.
4.另附：(只用whether 不用if)
1）、主语从句置于句首 Whether she likes the present is not clear to me. 2）、表语从句 My main problem right now is whether I should ask for an other loan（贷款）. 3）、同位语从句 Answer my question whether you are coming.
What he wants are these books. What he wants is some water.
宾语从句
I don't know whether or not Tom will turen up at the meeting. Everything depends on whether you are for it. We think it possible that you can finish the work today.
面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词.
The news that our team has won the match is true. His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.
注: 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语 从句的区别: 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意 义 , 不作从句的任何成分 , 而引导定语从句的 that 是从句中的某个成分.
3. ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have. A. What;what C. That;that B. What ;that D. That;what
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用 单数形式.
主语从句的主谓一致
That they will come is certain.
注意: 已确定的事由 that 引导;
没决定的事由 whether 引导
当it作形式主语的时候，whether if都可以.
2. 连接代词 what, whatever, who（m）, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等. What was most important to her, she told me, was her family. Whose ticket this is has not been found out. 3. 连 接 副 词 when(ever), where(ever), why, how(ever), how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等. When the test will be given is not yet decided. How much we can spend must be agreed on.
1.We fully understood what he meant. Whatever he does he does well. 2.Please tell me which is mine. 3.I didn't know who would caccompany you to the concert tonight. We will choose whoever is fit. 4. Do you know whose T-shirt it is? 1. Go and ask why he was late yesterday. 2.I asked how he was getting on. 3.We haven't decided when we will set off for home. He asked me whether or not I was busy.
结论：名词性从句应选用陈述句语序。
关联词
名词性从句的连接词
一、主语从句（一般位于句首）
1.连词 that (无词义,不作成分,不能省略); whether(是否),不用if.
That he will come and help us is certain. Whether we will succeed is still a question. It made the man's wife annoyed that.... It was not certain whether/if he witnessed the accident.
当that 引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个 成分时，需用先行词it 作形式宾语，把从句 放到句末，that 不能省略。
We consider it possible that he is ill. I feel it a pity that she can’t come. I heard it said that he had gone to Australia. He made it clear that he objected to the plan.
2. 由 who, whoever 引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词 的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定.
Whoever say that are to be punished. Who he is doesn’t concern me.
3.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表 语的单复数决定.
He told me the news that our team won the match. He told me the news that was very exciting.
3.He asked ____ for a violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 4. I couldn’t understand ___ with me. A. the matter was what B. what the matter was C. what was the matter D. that was the matter
1. ____ you don’t like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
2. ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
That is because he didn't know the rule.
三. 表语从句
It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday. It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot.
种类
语序问题 关联词的区分 拓展 巩固 练习
种类
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
语序问题
1.The photographs will show you ____. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.You can hardly imagine ____when he heard the news . A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited
二. 宾语从句
1. 由连词that 引导, （vt.后的）that 常可省略。
We believe (that) he is honest. I told him (that) I would come back soon.
注：多个并列的宾语从句，只有第一个宾从的 that可省； 有插入语时不能省略that. He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one. We decided, in view of（考虑到） his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary (试用的) period.
用if 或whether 填空
whether/if 1. I don’t know _______ I’ll be free tomorrow.
wk.baidu.com
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow. whether 3. The questionwhether is ______ this book is worth writing.
whether 4. It depends on ______ we will have enough money.
5. Whether ______ they can do it matters little to us.
whether______ I would 6.The manager asked me the question
What I can’t understand is why he 1.______ has changed his mind. 2.______ That the earth is round is known to us all. 归纳：
连词_______ that 在从句中不作成分， 不含有疑问意义，而what _____在从 句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。
like to be his secretary. 7.____ If you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同. （that引导无意义，不充当成分，不能省;wh-等 连接副词引导，根据句意判断） 但:1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3. seem, appear后可接that引导的从句, 而 look则不可. 这三个词后都可用as if / as though/because 引 导表语从句.