第一篇第二章 语法填空 第二节专题三 词类转换

is poor in material life but is so respectable as a man.I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson. 解析： 因 在 介 词 with 后 作 宾 语 要 用 名 词 ， 故 填 satisfaction。 答案： satisfaction
成分，确定需要的词性，如果所给的单词的词性与需要的词 性不一致，则此处需要作词类转换。 技巧一、作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式 例“That would be a very________(reason)thing to do in a big city ， but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.
heavy—heavily，healthy—healthily。 (3)本身既是形容词也是副词的词，无需改变：fast， early，high，hard，late，far，wide，alone。
(4) 本身即为副词，同时也可加 ly 变成表另一词义的 副 词 ， 如 ： wide( 尽 可 能 ， 充 分 )—widely( 广 泛 地 ) ，
晚)本身可作副词，因此，不必作词类转换，可想到用其 比较级形式，填 later 。 later that day 指 “ 那天晚些时 候”。 答案： later
即学即练 (一)用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．This proverb is saying we have to let things go in
terrible—terribly ， comfortable—comfortably ， gentle—
gently，simple—simply。
(2) 以 y 结 尾 的 形 容 词 ， 变 y 为 ily ： easy—easily ，
angry—angrily ， noisy—noisily ， happy—happily ，
parents.Therefore ， most parents are thankful 1.________(thank)for this great gift；they sacrifice for hesitation their children without any 2.________(hesitate) ． My
解析： 词类转换题。在名词前作定语要用形容词 。 reason的形容词形式是reasonable。 答案： reasonable
技巧二、作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名 词形式 例 1 This time ， she gave me a smile
with________(satisfy)and gratitude in her eyes.The woman
技巧四、修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语，用副词形
式
例Dudley，which is________(probable)the heart of the Black Country ， has a history dating back over l ， 000 years，and its famous castle has been there since about the 8th century. 解析： 在系动词 is 后面修饰谓语部分，应该用副词 形式probably。 答案： probably
crowded 4 ． The Nanjing Road is the most________(crowd) street in the city of Shanghai. worse 5．The people in the village were ________(badly) off than they were five years ago because of war.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
12
．
These
people
have
made
great
contributions ______________(contribute) to China with their work.
(二)阅读下列短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Children are said to be gifts from God for
disability friend ， Tom ， was born with 3.________(disable)from
birth and can only move in a wheelchair.His parents devote all their love to him although most of their friends and 4.__________(connect)try to persuade them to give connections
解析： hard作宾补依然是要用形容词，所以不作词类 转换，可考虑比较级；句中a little修饰比较级harder， 表示“更难一点”。 答案： harder
例 2
I
left
it
early
because
I
had
an
appointment________(late)that day.
解析： 句子结构完整，需要副词作状语，而 late( 迟，
natural their________(nature) course.
2 ． He failed his maths examination because of careless his________(care) work. 3．In Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared ____________(appear) a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.
disabled child，but Tom's parents make every effort to make sure he can live as happy a life as any normal selfless child.It is their devotion and 7.________(self)love that confident makes Tom an active，8.________(confidence)boy and best one of the 9.________(good)students at school.Tom's story is one of the moving stories about children and
用名词形式
例 On his________(arrive) ， he parked his bike
outside the back door as usual. 解析： 形 容 词 性 物 主 代 词 后 面 应 填 名 词 ， 故 填
arrival 。 需 要 注 意 的 是 此 空 不 能 填 arriving ， 填 arriving后面要有地点状语或时间状语。 答案： arrival
ment ， ship ， ty ， ure ， al 等。如 invent—invention ，
please—pleasure，arrive—arrival等。
3．常见的形容词后缀有able，al，ern，ful，ical， ish ， less ， ive ， ous ， y 等。如 condition—conditional ， reason—reasonable，harm—harmful等。
6 ．Unfortunately _____________(fortunate), I then noticed that I
had just 10 minutes to complete the rest. 7．Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit impatient ________(patience)．
技巧五、有时根据句意需要改变所给词的意思，而不 是改变词性，需要给所给的词加上前缀un，im，dis或后 缀less等
例
Once a habit is formed ， it is difficult ， and
sometimes________(possible)，to get rid of.It is therefore
4 ．常见的副词后缀有 ly ， ward(s) 等。如 lucky—
luckily，back—backward等。
5．常见的动词后缀有en ， fy ， ize ， ise 等 。 如
wide—widen，short—shorten，pure—purify等。
6．注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化：
(1) 以 le 结尾的形容词，变 le 为 ly ： possible—possibly ，
very important that we pay great attention to the formation
of habits.
解析： 和 difficult 并列一起作表语，因此仍要填形容 词；由句子逻辑可知，应为“有时是不可能的”，故填 impossible。 答案： impossible
例2 In Chinese，“knot”means reunion，friendliness， and________(warm)，love，etc.
解析： 与名词reunion，friendliness和love并列，一
起作means的宾语，也应是名词，故填warmth。
答案： warmth
技巧三、在“冠词(＋形容词)”或形容词性物主代词后，
第二章
第二节
语法填空
有提示词的解题技巧 专题三 词类转换
一、基础知识
1 ．常用的否定前缀或后缀有 un， dis， im， in，
il，ir，less等，通过加否定前缀或后缀可改变词义， 变 成 其 反 义 词 。 如 necessary—unnecessary ， legal— illegal，polite—impolite，home—homeless等。 2 ．常见的名词后缀有 tion ， ence ， ism ， ist ，
birth to one more child，who may at least ensure their
happiness 5.____________(happy)in their later years.Many
6.____________(difficult)are involved in looking after a difficulties
rudely 8．“Thirtyfive cents，” she said________(rude) ． 9．I don't know if he placed the poem next to the soften failing grade to ________(soft) the blow, but it worked. 10．I must know how to care for others and try not to misunderstand ______________(understand) them. 11．You have done well and made great achievement entertainment in the ______________(entertain) field.
high( 高地 )—highly( 高度地 ) ， hard( 努力地，困难地 )—
hardly(几乎不)。 (5) 容 易 拼 错 的 词 ： excitedly ， truly ， healthily ， politely，widely，nicely，closely。
二、解题技巧
分析空格所在句子的结构，明确空格处在句子中作何种
技巧六、当所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的
仍是形容词或副词时，需考虑形容词或副词级别的变化。 另外，要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than...的隐性比较级 例1 It might have made it a little________(hard)for
everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didn't stop the kids in the class.