高英考试修辞手法

高英考试修辞手法

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.

标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.

例如:

1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.

2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.

例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewe

d and digested.

3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.

I.以容器代替内容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.

2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.

II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:

Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.

4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.

例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)

他的厂里约有100名工人.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)

他是本世纪的牛顿.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）

这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.

5.Personification 拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.

例如:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）

2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）

6.Hyperbole 夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..

例如:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.

2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.

3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured

7.Parallelism 排比, 平行

这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.

例如:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.

2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you a nd yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all t hese things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.

8. Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶

这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.

例如:

1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.

2>.You are staying; I am going.

3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.

9.alliteration在头韵法文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。

How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.

10.叠言（rhetorical repetition）这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重叠使用，以增强语气和力量。

1、It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.

它必须用我们这些对于未来，对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血和汗水去创造。

2、... Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.

因为优良的医疗技术和外科手术意味着更快地治疗病人，更少痛苦，更少不安，更少死亡，更少疾病，和更少残废。

11.Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor w hich usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resembl ance.

12.rhyme(韵）押在诗行最后一个重读音节上，叫尾韵。这是英文诗歌最常见的押韵部位。Spring, the sweet spring, is the year’s pleasant king; Then blooms each thing, t hen maids dance in a ring,

13.reiteration重述

14.regression 回文海上去上海