英汉语言对比放形合与意合
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• 3 为什么如此众多的美国人不如想象中那样幸福 呢？我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之分。
• 4 The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.
Hypotactic
•
The dependent or subordinate construction
The isolation of the rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities, is compounded by the paucit of the information media.
•
Hypotactic
•
过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小
铜球坠落的当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于
得到了澄清。
•
After some time, news came from distant
place. Earthquake did happen that day when the
little copper ball fell. All this was cleared up.
2.Preposition
• 英语各类介词共286个。包括： • 简单介词：with,to,in,of,about,between,through • 合成介词：
inside,onto,upon,within,without,throughout • 成语介词:
according to;along with, apart from, because of, in front of, on behalf of, with regard to
•
All was cleared up some time later when
news came from a distant place that an
earthquake was felt the very day the little copper
ball fell.
•
为什么如此众多的美国人不如想象中那样幸
与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足
而变得更加严重。
Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities, the rural world is isolated. This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media.
• The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them.
Chinese sentences are made by Paratactic
• For example: • 敌进我退，敌驻我扰，敌疲我打，敌退我追。
or relationship of clauses with connectives.
English sentences are made by Hypotactic
• For example: 1) I shall despair if you don't come. .
Paratactic
•
形合：主要靠语言本身语法手段；结构紧凑
严密；好比一棵参天大树；一串葡萄；一串珍珠；
一树荔枝（主谓（干）结构突出，空间搭架，把
各句有机结合起来。主干可能很短，上面却结着
累累果实)。
wk.baidu.com
•
意合：主要靠句子内部逻辑联系。结构简练
明快；好比一根竹子；一盘珠子；一江波涛。
•
由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村社会
• 1.Conjunction
• 2.Preposition
• 3.Other cohesive ties
• 1.Conjunction
• 1 who, whose, that, which, what, when, where, why, how etc.
• 2 and, or, but, yet, so, however, as well as, neither---nor, when, while, as since, until, unless, lest etc.
prevents so many Americans from being as
happy as one might expect, it seems to me that
there are two causes, of which one goes much
deeper than the other.
• A preposition may be defined as a connecting
word showing the relation of a noun or substitute for a noun to some other word in the sentence.
福呢？我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之
分。
•
Why so many Americans are not happy
as we expect? I think there are two reasons and both of them have deep distinction
•
When I try to understand what it is that
Part II Hypotactic vs.Paratactic
• Translate the following sentences:
• 1由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村社会与外 界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变 得更加严重。
• 2 过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小铜球 坠落的当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于得到 了澄清。
• 4 The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.
Hypotactic
•
The dependent or subordinate construction
The isolation of the rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities, is compounded by the paucit of the information media.
•
Hypotactic
•
过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小
铜球坠落的当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于
得到了澄清。
•
After some time, news came from distant
place. Earthquake did happen that day when the
little copper ball fell. All this was cleared up.
2.Preposition
• 英语各类介词共286个。包括： • 简单介词：with,to,in,of,about,between,through • 合成介词：
inside,onto,upon,within,without,throughout • 成语介词:
according to;along with, apart from, because of, in front of, on behalf of, with regard to
•
All was cleared up some time later when
news came from a distant place that an
earthquake was felt the very day the little copper
ball fell.
•
为什么如此众多的美国人不如想象中那样幸
与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足
而变得更加严重。
Because there is a great distance and there are not enough transport facilities, the rural world is isolated. This isolation has become more serious because there are not enough information media.
• The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them.
Chinese sentences are made by Paratactic
• For example: • 敌进我退，敌驻我扰，敌疲我打，敌退我追。
or relationship of clauses with connectives.
English sentences are made by Hypotactic
• For example: 1) I shall despair if you don't come. .
Paratactic
•
形合：主要靠语言本身语法手段；结构紧凑
严密；好比一棵参天大树；一串葡萄；一串珍珠；
一树荔枝（主谓（干）结构突出，空间搭架，把
各句有机结合起来。主干可能很短，上面却结着
累累果实)。
wk.baidu.com
•
意合：主要靠句子内部逻辑联系。结构简练
明快；好比一根竹子；一盘珠子；一江波涛。
•
由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村社会
• 1.Conjunction
• 2.Preposition
• 3.Other cohesive ties
• 1.Conjunction
• 1 who, whose, that, which, what, when, where, why, how etc.
• 2 and, or, but, yet, so, however, as well as, neither---nor, when, while, as since, until, unless, lest etc.
prevents so many Americans from being as
happy as one might expect, it seems to me that
there are two causes, of which one goes much
deeper than the other.
• A preposition may be defined as a connecting
word showing the relation of a noun or substitute for a noun to some other word in the sentence.
福呢？我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之
分。
•
Why so many Americans are not happy
as we expect? I think there are two reasons and both of them have deep distinction
•
When I try to understand what it is that
Part II Hypotactic vs.Paratactic
• Translate the following sentences:
• 1由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村社会与外 界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变 得更加严重。
• 2 过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小铜球 坠落的当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于得到 了澄清。