初中英语时态讲解及练习(至初二下)

6. 用法：现在进行时表示
1)、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生 的动作，强调“此时此刻”。
E.g. He is reading . They are talking now. 2)、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在 进行的动作。 E.g. They are working these days. 3)、 某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计 划或即将发生的动作。 E.g I am coming.
现在进行时
作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发 生时间的各种形式称为时态。
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行 的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, look. listen等时间状语做标志。 3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
一般过去时
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词 前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用 助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为 动词。
过去进行时常与过去某一特定时 间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状 语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定 用过去进行时。
1.I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived. 2.What ____you_____( do, did, was...doing, were…doing) at this time yesterday evening? 3.We_____(have, are having, had, were having) dinner when the doorbell rang. 4.While/ When/ As we____( have, had, are having, were having) dinner, the doorbell rang.
1.I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now. 2.Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain. 3.They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days. 4.He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.
时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
否定形式：主语+am/is/are not going to do ； 主语+will/shall not do+其他 一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。
过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正 在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去 时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。 (第一个字母大写） 其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。
e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom?
中用一般现在时表将来。（主将 从现）
当主语是第三人称 时，谓语动词要用 第三人称单数形式， 加-s/es。除此之外 都用动词原形。
动词第三人称单数 形式变化规则
1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School. 2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon. 3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning. 4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time. 5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson. 6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three. 7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green. 8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun. 9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.
1 _____you ____a doctor when you grow up?
A Will; going to be B Are; going to be
C A源自文库e; /
D Will; be
2 I don’t know if his uncle _____. I think he _____ if it doesn’t
一般将来时
构成:①will,shall+动词原形，其中shall只用 于第一人称。②be going to +动词原形，表 示主观打算，按计划，安排要发生的事情。 ③be to +动词原形，表示客观安排 ④ be about to +不定式，意为马上要做某事，正 要做某事。⑤某些动词，可用进行时态表 将来，如come, go, arrive, leave。⑥在时间 状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般 将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现 在时表将来。⑦一般现在时可表示按时间 表发生的将来的动作(限start, begin, arrive, end, close, leave---等表示开始或移动意义的 词)
10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow. 11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited. 12. I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back. 13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it. 14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.
初中语法专题（一）
时态
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 一般将来时
一般现在时
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的 某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动 词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第 三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动 词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does， 同时，还原行为动词。
谓语动词使用过去式形式， 加ed，分为规则和不规则变 化。表示过去经常发生的动 作，也可用“used to do ” 和“would +动词原形”。
1. He____(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago. 2. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now. 3. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday. 4. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum. 5. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football. 6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).
rain.
A will come; comes B will come; will come
C comes; comes D comes; will come
3 He will be back _____a few minutes.
A with B for C on D in
4 What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrow?
现在分词的变法有
1)、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump 2)、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先 去e，再加-ing. E.g have write 3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅 音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元 音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双 写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put 其句式 变换都在be上做文章。
A will B shall C do D are
5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _____the work next week.
什么情况下用？
①表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在 的状态。②表示主语通常的能力、 兴趣爱好、和性格特征。③表示客 观的事实或真理。④表示按照时刻 表或已经计划安排好的将来行为。 （只限于是go, come, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, stop, be等表示开 始或移动意义的词。）⑤在时间状 语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用 一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句