定语从句 复习课件

(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点
①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名 词短语。
② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。 如：
The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说 了这个消息。
③ whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人 也可以指物。
④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语 序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词 引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数Fra Baidu bibliotek修饰时。如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
A plane is a machine the machine can fly. that /which
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/that
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词
关系代词 指代的先 行词
who
人
whom
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 (1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none 等时。如：
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
This is the very book that I am looking for these days. ④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：
A person who steals things is called a thief.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.