从内因与外因的角度分析《挪威的森林》中的孤独普遍存在 毕业论文

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本人签名： XXXXX 日期： 2014/6/10

摘要

《挪威的森林》是日本作家村上春树于1987年所著的一部长篇爱情小说。20世纪60年代，日本已经进入高度发达的资本主义社会。经济在快速发展，人们的精神危机也与日俱增。物质生活的丰富与人的欲求膨胀，造成了精神世界的严重失衡。人与人之间的交流减少，心理距离拉大。生活在都市的人们像无根的浮萍，孤独、虚无、失落，却又无力面对强大的社会压力。都市的繁华，掩饰不了人们内心的焦虑。。村上春树从自我救赎和孤独普遍存在的角度阐述了该作品。以前对他的该文学作品多以自我救赎的角度进行分析，本文将采用方法论分析作品中孤独普遍存在的原因。村上春树认为小说中人物的悲剧命运，并非是几个都市青少年的不幸，它有着深刻的现实压力和时代烙印，都是有着深层的社会原因。在村上春树的写作手法中,他对人物心理给予高度关注，他认为孤独与社会是紧密联系的。本文利用方法论下内因和外因的角度, 并通过文献综述法，从社会因素和自身因素的关系两方面来揭示村上春树《挪威的森林》中孤独普遍存在的原因。通过揭示孤独普遍存在的原因和现象，最终呼吁我们回到人类的原点去寻找自我生存的真谛，孤独也不再是那么可怕的东西，而是在特定场合下可以转化为积极向上的力量。

关键词：孤独《挪威的森林》村上春树

ABSTRACT

"Norwegian Wood" is a romantic novel written by Japanese writer Haruki Murakami in 1987. In 1960s, Japan has become a highly developed capitalist society. With the rapid economic development , people's spiritual crisis is also increasing. The expansion of material life and human desires has resulted in a serious imbalance in the spiritual world. Communication between people reduced and the psychological distance widen. People living in the city like the rootless duckweed、loneliness、emptiness、loss、but unable to face strong social pressure . Bustling city could not hide the anxiety of people's inner world. Haruki Murakami made this work from self-salvation and solitude ubiquitous perspective. Prior to his literary works and more to the point of view of self-redemption analyzed using the methodology of this paper will analyze the reasons for the prevalence of solitary work. Haruki Murakami considers the tragic fate of the characters in the novel is not the unfortunate few urban youth, it has profound practical pressures and brand of the times, there are deep social causes. In Haruki Murakami 's writing style , he paid great attention on the psychology of the characters , he thinks solitude and social reason are closely linked . In this paper, the methodology under internal and external point of view , and through literature review , two factors from social factors and their relationship to reveal the cause of Haruki Murakami "Norwegian Wood " in lonely ubiquitous . By revealing the causes and prevalence of the phenomenon of loneliness and eventually appealed to us back home to find the true meaning of human self- survival , loneliness is no longer so terrible thing , but in certain situations can be transformed into positive forces .

Key words: Loneliness Norwegian Wood Haruki Murakami