第三讲 词的翻译.(完整版)
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他父亲死后，彼得不得不改变一下工作。
c. On the decease of his father, Mr. Brown was obliged to seek alternative employment.
父亲亡故（逝世，谢世）之后，布朗先生必须另 谋职业。
词的感情色彩 死： to expire to pass away to close (end) one's day to breathe one's last to go west to pay the debt of nature to depart to the world of shadows to give up the ghost to kick the bucket to kick up one's heels
位于中国南方，伴着漓江之水的桂林毫无疑 问地成为了中国众多佳景之一。（张珺婕）
桂林座落在中国南部的漓江边。它被认为是 中国最美景点之一，这一点是无可争议的/ 名符其实的。（徐赛）
这座位于中国南部漓江之滨的城市毫无争议 地享有“桂林山水甲天下”的美誉。
位于中国南部漓江岸边的桂林完全有理由被认 为是中国最美丽的地方之一。（杨璐鲜）
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下面三个句子叙述的是同一事件，但由于说话人 和场合不同，所以用词的正式程度不同。
a. When his dad died, Pete had to get another job.
老皮他爹一死，他只好换个事干。
b. After his father’s death, Peter had to change his job.
区分感情色彩、语体色彩等
死：
to expire
逝世
to pass away
与世长辞
to close (end) one's day 寿终
to breathe one's last
断气
to go west
归西天
to pay the debt of nature 了结尘缘
由于党的农业政策，我国千千万万农民走 上了致富的道路。
Thanks to the policies of the Communist Party of China on agriculture, millions of peasants in China are getting rich.
Landscape of Guilin at sunset is one of the most breath-taking sites in China. Guilin by the banks of the Li River in southern China is justifiably considered to be one of the most beautiful in China. Today, Guilin attracts innumerable tourists because of its unique landscape. Until the end of the 1970s, it was a quiet, sleepy area. Since then, Guilin and the settlements along the Li River have undergone an incredible development through tourism. Guilin literally means "Cassia Tree Forest".This town with over 400,000 inhabitants acquired its name from the Cassia trees, whose blooms carry their sweet scent through the whole town in autumn.
桂林的字面意思是“桂树森林” 。在秋季，整个小 城都沉浸于桂花甜美的香味之中，这个拥有40多万 人口的城镇也因此而得名（杨晓雷）
桂林被誉为“桂树森林”。 每逢金秋，桂花飘香， 拥有40万居民的桂林因此而得名。 （朱建鑫）
2. 词的七种意义
According to G. Leech
概念意义(conceptual meaning) 内涵意义 (connotative meaning) : Connotative meaning: refers to the implied meaning that
由于两次世界大战的爆发，各国人民蒙受 了极大的灾难。
People of all countries have suffered great calamities in consequence of the two World Wars.
propitiousness(吉利）
David Hawkes’ treatment of color terminology, particularly the red problem, in Hong Lou Meng (The Story of the Stone), has given rise to a lot of arguments (his son in law).
to depart to the world of shadows 命归黄泉
to give up the ghost 见阎王
to kick the bucket 翘辫子
to kick up one's heels 蹬腿
词的褒贬
她父亲是一位有名的外科医生。 Her father is a famous surgeon.
位于漓江之畔的桂林无疑
是中国最美的地方之一。（佘婷玉）
今天，桂林吸引着数不清的游客，因为 它独特的风景。？
如今，桂林以其独一无二的风景吸引着不 计其数的游客。（朱学海）
桂林，文学上/严格意义上是肉桂树/决明子树林的 意思, 这座拥有400,000居民/物种的城市得名来自 于在秋天开花时甜美的香气会传遍整个城镇的桂树 /由于那秋季花香四溢于整个城镇的桂树而获得了 它的名字。
黄金荣是旧上海有名的大流氓。 Huang Jinrong was a notorious rogue in
Shanghai in the old times.
由于: 褒义①thanks to... ②by virtue of... 中性①owing to... ②due to... ③because of... ④as a result of... ⑤in view of... 贬义 in consequence of...
justifiable:exsiting or done for a good reason, and therBiblioteka Baidufore acceptable
sleepy:( of places ) quiet and not much happens.
Literally: in a literal way
Landscape comprises the visible features of an area of land, including the physical elements of landforms such as (icecapped) mountains, hills, water bodies such as rivers, lakes, ponds and the sea,
to The Story of the Stone)
Stylistic Meanings 词的文体意义
Some words convey the same idea but differ in stylistic feature. These words are known as stylistic synonyms.
第三讲 词的翻译
1. 词的概念意义和内涵意义 2. 语境与词义的选择 3. 翻译中词类的转换
Landscape of Guilin at sunset is one of the most breath-taking sites in China. Guilin by the banks of the Li River in southern China is justifiably considered to be one of the most beautiful in China. Today, Guilin attracts innumerable tourists because of its unique landscape. Until the end of the 1970s, it was a quiet, sleepy area. Since then, Guilin and the settlements along the Li River have undergone an incredible development through tourism. Guilin literally means "Cassia Tree Forest".This town with over 400,000 inhabitants acquired its name from the Cassia trees, whose blooms carry their sweet scent through the whole town in autumn.
is over and above its pure conceptual meaning
包括文化意义、情感意义、联想意义、搭配意义、风格意 义等等。
词的文化意义
Red In English: violence, bloodshed, danger In Chinese: jubilation, happiness, abundance,
Translators have to choose among formal words, neutral words, and informal words to ensure that the style is appropriate to the original context. They must also determine whether to use standard dialects or regional dialect, archaic words or contemporary words, general words or technical terms, etc.
… red as a symbol– sometimes of spring, sometimes of youth, sometimes of good fortune or prosperity—recurs again and again throughout it. Unfortunately—apart from the rosy cheeks and vermeil lip of youth—redness has no such connotations in English and I have found that the Chinese reds have tended to turn into English golds or greens (“spring, the green spring” and “golden boys and girls” and so on). I am aware that there is some sort of loss here, but have lacked the ingenuity to avert it. (David Hawkes, Introduction
c. On the decease of his father, Mr. Brown was obliged to seek alternative employment.
父亲亡故（逝世，谢世）之后，布朗先生必须另 谋职业。
词的感情色彩 死： to expire to pass away to close (end) one's day to breathe one's last to go west to pay the debt of nature to depart to the world of shadows to give up the ghost to kick the bucket to kick up one's heels
位于中国南方，伴着漓江之水的桂林毫无疑 问地成为了中国众多佳景之一。（张珺婕）
桂林座落在中国南部的漓江边。它被认为是 中国最美景点之一，这一点是无可争议的/ 名符其实的。（徐赛）
这座位于中国南部漓江之滨的城市毫无争议 地享有“桂林山水甲天下”的美誉。
位于中国南部漓江岸边的桂林完全有理由被认 为是中国最美丽的地方之一。（杨璐鲜）
www.1ppt.com
Company Logo
下面三个句子叙述的是同一事件，但由于说话人 和场合不同，所以用词的正式程度不同。
a. When his dad died, Pete had to get another job.
老皮他爹一死，他只好换个事干。
b. After his father’s death, Peter had to change his job.
区分感情色彩、语体色彩等
死：
to expire
逝世
to pass away
与世长辞
to close (end) one's day 寿终
to breathe one's last
断气
to go west
归西天
to pay the debt of nature 了结尘缘
由于党的农业政策，我国千千万万农民走 上了致富的道路。
Thanks to the policies of the Communist Party of China on agriculture, millions of peasants in China are getting rich.
Landscape of Guilin at sunset is one of the most breath-taking sites in China. Guilin by the banks of the Li River in southern China is justifiably considered to be one of the most beautiful in China. Today, Guilin attracts innumerable tourists because of its unique landscape. Until the end of the 1970s, it was a quiet, sleepy area. Since then, Guilin and the settlements along the Li River have undergone an incredible development through tourism. Guilin literally means "Cassia Tree Forest".This town with over 400,000 inhabitants acquired its name from the Cassia trees, whose blooms carry their sweet scent through the whole town in autumn.
桂林的字面意思是“桂树森林” 。在秋季，整个小 城都沉浸于桂花甜美的香味之中，这个拥有40多万 人口的城镇也因此而得名（杨晓雷）
桂林被誉为“桂树森林”。 每逢金秋，桂花飘香， 拥有40万居民的桂林因此而得名。 （朱建鑫）
2. 词的七种意义
According to G. Leech
概念意义(conceptual meaning) 内涵意义 (connotative meaning) : Connotative meaning: refers to the implied meaning that
由于两次世界大战的爆发，各国人民蒙受 了极大的灾难。
People of all countries have suffered great calamities in consequence of the two World Wars.
propitiousness(吉利）
David Hawkes’ treatment of color terminology, particularly the red problem, in Hong Lou Meng (The Story of the Stone), has given rise to a lot of arguments (his son in law).
to depart to the world of shadows 命归黄泉
to give up the ghost 见阎王
to kick the bucket 翘辫子
to kick up one's heels 蹬腿
词的褒贬
她父亲是一位有名的外科医生。 Her father is a famous surgeon.
位于漓江之畔的桂林无疑
是中国最美的地方之一。（佘婷玉）
今天，桂林吸引着数不清的游客，因为 它独特的风景。？
如今，桂林以其独一无二的风景吸引着不 计其数的游客。（朱学海）
桂林，文学上/严格意义上是肉桂树/决明子树林的 意思, 这座拥有400,000居民/物种的城市得名来自 于在秋天开花时甜美的香气会传遍整个城镇的桂树 /由于那秋季花香四溢于整个城镇的桂树而获得了 它的名字。
黄金荣是旧上海有名的大流氓。 Huang Jinrong was a notorious rogue in
Shanghai in the old times.
由于: 褒义①thanks to... ②by virtue of... 中性①owing to... ②due to... ③because of... ④as a result of... ⑤in view of... 贬义 in consequence of...
justifiable:exsiting or done for a good reason, and therBiblioteka Baidufore acceptable
sleepy:( of places ) quiet and not much happens.
Literally: in a literal way
Landscape comprises the visible features of an area of land, including the physical elements of landforms such as (icecapped) mountains, hills, water bodies such as rivers, lakes, ponds and the sea,
to The Story of the Stone)
Stylistic Meanings 词的文体意义
Some words convey the same idea but differ in stylistic feature. These words are known as stylistic synonyms.
第三讲 词的翻译
1. 词的概念意义和内涵意义 2. 语境与词义的选择 3. 翻译中词类的转换
Landscape of Guilin at sunset is one of the most breath-taking sites in China. Guilin by the banks of the Li River in southern China is justifiably considered to be one of the most beautiful in China. Today, Guilin attracts innumerable tourists because of its unique landscape. Until the end of the 1970s, it was a quiet, sleepy area. Since then, Guilin and the settlements along the Li River have undergone an incredible development through tourism. Guilin literally means "Cassia Tree Forest".This town with over 400,000 inhabitants acquired its name from the Cassia trees, whose blooms carry their sweet scent through the whole town in autumn.
is over and above its pure conceptual meaning
包括文化意义、情感意义、联想意义、搭配意义、风格意 义等等。
词的文化意义
Red In English: violence, bloodshed, danger In Chinese: jubilation, happiness, abundance,
Translators have to choose among formal words, neutral words, and informal words to ensure that the style is appropriate to the original context. They must also determine whether to use standard dialects or regional dialect, archaic words or contemporary words, general words or technical terms, etc.
… red as a symbol– sometimes of spring, sometimes of youth, sometimes of good fortune or prosperity—recurs again and again throughout it. Unfortunately—apart from the rosy cheeks and vermeil lip of youth—redness has no such connotations in English and I have found that the Chinese reds have tended to turn into English golds or greens (“spring, the green spring” and “golden boys and girls” and so on). I am aware that there is some sort of loss here, but have lacked the ingenuity to avert it. (David Hawkes, Introduction