外语教学与研究出版社_研究生英语系列教材_听说教程_上_主编李萌涛_1-6单元答案总结
研究生英语·听说教程·上
Unit 1
page5,A: 1.suffer that nightmare 2.genders 3.unaffordable 4.sufferers 5.more than 1 in 20 adults 6.expensive electronics 7.such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population 8.make finding a cure a priority
page3
1.A she thinks internet addiction is as serious as drug ang smoking addiction
2.B internet addicts include both children and adults
3.B some may get into trouble over money issues
4.D internet addiction needs to be taken seriously and treated properly
page4
1.B he feels the other boys are too competitive
2.D he thinks dancing is a way to relax in ones spare time
3.A hobbies are supposed to bring pleasure to people
4.A the speaker simply wants to have a good time
page12
1.B he thinks he can learn skills from good hobbies
2.C Stephen learns to be systematic from his hobby
3.D roys real interest in fishing is sitting alone and doing nothing
4.B the farmer has held on to his hobby even though he met with great difficulties
5.D she thinks every addiction is as bad as the other
page13
1.D mark is addicted to online games
2.C ron is not a serious gaming addict
3.C Gloria hopes mark can control himself playing games
4.A ron thinks gambling is more harmful than playing games
5.A some gaming addicts make friends when playing together
page20,A: 1.Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York 2.Time: right before the Christmas Season 3.Height of the tree: nearly 9 stores 4.Audience: people from all around the country 5.Number of the lights on the tree: 3000 6.Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter 7.Material of the star topper: crystal 8.Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut
page29,A: post-vacation depression includes 1. sleeplessness2. loss of appetite 3. irregular heartbeat 4.feelings of despair 5. tiredness 6. stomachache 7. trouble breathing 8.anxiety 9.nervousness10.space the month-long vacation out,11.blow it all at once12.returning on a Monday 13.such blues are temporary 14.don^t make important decisions15.a new period in life 16.personal growth
page20
1.B one can learn a lot about other people and customs through travelling
2.D to make how traveling can win you friends all over the world
3.A they have some language problems and feel a bit afraid
page27
1.A husband and wife
2.D a vacation is even more exhausting
3.D the woman is packing for her bus tour
4.B the bus was too worn out and uncomfortable
5.A 3 hours or so
page28
1.B there is a large variety of animals there
2.D tourists are not allowed to take pictures of wild animals there
3.D go horseback riding
4.D it must be a famous geyser
5.B putting out the campfire
page34,A:Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school 1.in this case involves 2.impact 3. available 4. resources 5. What's the point 6. medium 7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective 10. opposed to just the one angle
page32
1.B he thought one could simply practice writing by oneself
2.A a person^s thinking patterns are shown in his writing
3.D the writer^s reading ability
4.D how to put writing skills into practice
5.B he will register for an essay-writing course
page34
1.D she will celebrate her 95th birthday on Wednesday
2.B she is seeking a BA degree in religion
3.C she completed some of her classes at the Kansas State Teachers College
4.B her son and others will hold a birthday party for her
5.A Nola Ochs has set up a remarkable example as a lifetime learner
page43
1.C because they took part in a special hardship camp
2.B growing vegetables
3.A mountains that are far away
4.D hardship camps can be an important part of an education for children
5.A they like the idea of organizing hardship camps and support it
page41
1.D He is at a job interview
2.A He suggests the woman keep trying until she gets it right
3.B To receive assistance from the teacher
4.D He wants to keep learning all his life
5.C The man's idea is not feasible at all
page42
1.B smelling
2.D it means acquiring knowledge in one^s favourite way
3.A ted enjoys discussion with others
4.C because mike once took a computer apart to make observations
5.C different people should develop their own suitable learning styles
page51,A:Beijing Opera is largely seen as a dying art in China 1. devoted 2. computer animator 3. discipline 4. heart-stopping 5. explanation in English 6. much-loved legend 7. supernatural 8. challenge 9. that's within the rules of the opera10. wins good reviews from both Western and Chinese audience members 11. expressing the more acceptable way 12. But the popularity of Beijing Opera is fading fast
page53,A:I hear jill will make her presentation in class today 1.That can^t be true 2.for certain 3.That^s impossible 4.might be 5.it^s likely that 6.Quite possibly 7.I know that for sure 8.No wonder
page49
1.D he feared his handwriting would not impress his son
2.C children spend a lot of time on the computer
3.A to call on more people to focus on handwriting
4.B most people^s handwriting is worse than their parents
page50
1.D The decreasing sales worldwide
2.A Toys need to be magical and creative
3.B Because Burble stands for an outdate image of women
4.A Barbie dolls may disappear from the market
5.C The Barbie brand will expand to other entertainment fields
page58
1.A The woman is unhappy about too many advertisements on TV
2.C He is interested in the history of cities shown in pictures
3.D It is about personality evident in an individual’s gestures
4.A The man is a Brazilian
5.A He wants to make his body stronger
page59
1.B culture shock is caused when you feel unfamiliar with the social environment
2.C he might feel anxious，uneasy and frustrated
3.D he thinks such classes can help one become broad-minded
4.A most local customs are learned through social life
5.B one can learn to be involved in a new culture step by step
page67,A:Thank you very, very much.Well, I just have to start with a 1. challenge 2. beat 3. figure out 4. definition 5. recognize 6. disability 7. committed 8. tolerate discrimination 9. that is tearing down barriers, both in architecture and in attitude 10. who are helping people with disabilities live independent lives
page65
1.C getting information about Habitat for Humanity
2.A it brought about a lot of changes in her life
3.B it^s a unique chance to perform a citizen^s duty to help others
4.C to do one^s share for others is to make our world a better place to live
5.A because Wilbur chose to ask her for the information needed
page66
1.B He was able to share the speaker's feelings
2.D To tell the speaker that he was always ready to offer help
3.C One act of kindness can bring warmth to those in need
page74
1. A She didn’t go to the party yesterday
2. C The engine started as soon as they got on the plane
3. C Jason can take the test on another day
4. C Cheer up and you would be able to get a job soon
5. D He was criticized by the woman’s mother all the way
page75
1. D he was the oldest astronaut in space
2. B to do research on how and why people get old
3. C his trip implies what attitude the aged should take towards life
4. B he likes drinking very much
5. A the significance of Mr Glenn^s shuttle trip into space
page82,A:Damage from acid.... "Earth and Sky".1.widespread2.falling on3.exactly 4.to reliably measure5.assume 6.pollutants 7.Electrical utility plants8.react with9.to get showered 10.with wind currents11.leach https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc4450699.html,bine with13.from fossil fuels.14.dedicated to
page81
1. B seeing a wild animal in the zoo
2. C today^s zoos are good habitats for wild animals
3. D to prevent endangered animals from extinction
page81
1. C They are the threats to species
2. D It can show the importance of protecting the animals
3. B Doing community service reminds a citizen of their responsibility to protect animals
page87
1. D How to protect water and trees in nature
2. C It is a good idea for people to make voluntary contributions
3. B Louisiana tornado killed 50 people
4. C He feels it necessary to use animals in medical researches
5. D The two speakers have different opinions about the biggest pollution problem
page88
1. D many things can be done to protect the environment
2. A driving steadily will help protect the ozone layer
3. D because they use much too many disposable products
4. C to buy a special“low-flow”shower head
5. B things people can do to reduce pollution
研究生英语精读教程第三版上unit one原文
Unit One Text: You Are What You Think And if you change your mind-from pessimism to optimism -you can change your life Claipe Safran [1] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking. [2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15,000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University①in Houston②，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills." [3] "Your abilities count," explains psychologist Michael F. Scheier of Carnegie Mellon University③in Pittsburgh④, "but
研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)
Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)
研究生英语听说教程答案
听写填空 一单元、P5 Outrageous shopping bills are a familiar 1. suffer that nightmare 2. genders 3. unaffordable 4. sufferers 5. more than 1 in 20 adults 6. expensive electronics 7. such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population 8. make finding a cure a priority 二单元、P20 Tree-lighting Ceremony 1. Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York 2. Time: right before the Christmas Season 3. Height of the tree: nearly 9 storeys 4. Audience: people from all around the country 5. Number of the lights on the tree: 30000 6. Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter of the star topper: crystal 8. Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut 二单元、P29 Post-vacation depression includes 1. sleeplessness 2. loss of appetite 3. irregular heartbeat 4. feelings of despair 5. tiredness 6. stomachache 7. trouble breathing 9. nervousness 10. Space the month-long vacation out 11. blow it all at once 12. returning on a Monday 13. such blues are temporary 14. don’t make important decisions 15. a new period in life 16. personal growth 三单元、P34 Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school 1. in this case involves 2. impact 3单元、available 4. resources 5. What’s the point 6. medium 7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective 10. opposed to just the one angle 四单元、P51 Beijing opera is largely seen as a dying art 1. devoted 2. computer animator 3. discipline 5. explanation in English 6. much-loved legend 7. supernatural 8. challenge 9. that’s within the rules of the opera. 10. wins good reviews from both Western and
研究生英语精读教程教师参考书(第三版下)中国人民大学出版社
Language Points 1.Subtitle:Toxin sniffers，missile jammers,dirty-bomb detectors： The post-9/11security blitz is affecting more than public safety—it’s changing the course of science. Toxin sniffers:毒素嗅探器missile jammers:导弹人为干发射机 dirty-bomb detectors:放射性核弹探测器 全句可译为：毒素嗅探器、导弹人为干发射机、放射性核弹探测器：“9·11” 事件后闪电式的保卫行动不仅影响着公共安全——还在改变着科学的进程。 2.Par.[1]:In the race to prevent future9/11-style attacks—or worse—Washington has marshaled the U.S.science establishment on a scale not seen since Sputnik. 全句可译为：华盛顿以前苏联发射人造地球卫星以来所未有的规模对美国的科 学机构做了安排。 3.Par.[2]:“A lot of it is security theater technology designed to make you feel better,”says Bruce Schneier，author of Beyond Fear：Thinking Sensibly about Security in an Uncertain World. 全句可译为：《超脱恐惧：明智地考虑变幻莫测世界的安全问题》的作者布鲁 斯·施奈尔说：“这当中有许多都是做表面文章的保安技术，目的是让你感到 更安全。 4.Par.[6]:As the archive of visa applicants balloons，scans of all10 fingers will provide more fail-safe identifications. 全句可译为：随着护照签证申请人的档案急剧增加，对十指全部进行扫描将 使身份验证更加万无一失。 5.Par.[9]:Resembling a sleek outhouse，the$150,000walk-through machine sends a quick blast of air over your clothing to dislodge trace explosive particles. walk-through:（建筑物）从两端都可进入的 全句可译为：这种价值15万美元的从两端都可进入的机器像个造型优美的 户外小屋，它在你的衣服上面迅速地吹过一股气流，从衣服上吹下微量炸药 粒子， 6.Par.[10]:Still,building technology today already seems light-years beyond pre-9/11days． 全句可译为：然而，今天的建筑技术看来已经远远超过“9·11”事件以前的 日子了。 7.Par.[11]:GPS:Global Positioning System全球卫星定位系统 8.Par.[12]:A cyber-attack on the country’s financial networks or power and telecommunications grids could make other means of protecting our physical assets moot. 全句可译为：对国家的金融网或电力和电信网进行的网络攻击，可使我们保 护有形资产的其他手段变得无实际意义。 9.Par.[12]:Developers describe it as a“Google-esque”tool and predict
研究生英语听说教程答案基础级第三版
《研究生英语听说教程（基础级第二版）》Units 1-12练习答案 Unit One Part I Listening Practice Section A Listening for Gist Task 1 1. air hostess 2. teacher 3. dentist 4. shop assistant 5. tourist guide 6. salesman 7. Disc Jockey 8. traffic warden 9.waiter 10. taxi driver Task 2 1. airways, flight 2. homework 3. open up wide, fining chipped 4. larger size, fit, stock 5. building, designed 6. buys, products 7. record, radio 8. yellow line, no-parking 9. menu, chef 10. road, park Section B Plans for Weekend Task 3 1.Pat 2.Jill 3. Mary 4.Sam 5.Ted 6.Jane Section C Discussing Plans for the Weekend Task 4 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B Section D Making Arrangements Task5 A.2 B.4 C.3 D.1 Task 6 1. bring: records meet: bus stop 2. bring: sandwiches, fishing rod and drinks meet: at the river 3. bring: white wine meet: at Pat’s house 4. bring: dessert-chocolate cake and drinks meet: in front of his house PartⅢListening Comprehension Test 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C
研究生英语精读教程翻译 上 课后习题及其答案。。
一、你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人 如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活 [1]你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗?当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。 [2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有104个研究项目，涉及大约15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说：“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。” [3] “你的能力固然重要,”匹兹堡卡内基–梅隆大学的心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说，“但你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。”在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。 [4]以你的工作为例。宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利格曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都会人寿保险公司的推销员进行了调查。他们发现，在工龄较长的推销员中，积极思考者比消极思考者要多推销37%的保险额。在新雇用的推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20%。 [5]公司受到了触动，便雇用了100名虽未通过标准化行业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出一般的推销员10%。 [6]他们是如何做到的呢？据塞利格曼说，乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“解释方式”。出了问题之后，悲观主义者倾向于自责。他说：“我不善于做这种事，我总是失败。”乐观主义者则寻找漏洞，他责怪天气，抱怨电话线路，甚至怪罪别人。他认为，是那个客户当时情绪不好。当一切顺利时，乐观主义者居功自傲而悲观主义者只把成功视为侥幸。[7]克雷格·安德森让一组学生给陌生人打电话，请他们为红十字会献血。当他们的第一、二个电话未能得到对方同意时，悲观者说：“我干不了这事。乐观主义者则对自己说：“我需要试试另一种方法。” [8]无论是消极还是积极，都是一种本身会成为事实的预言。安德森说：如果人们感到没有希望，他们就不会费事去获得成功所需的技能。” [9]据安德森看来，有无控制感是成功的试金石。乐观者能够掌握自己的命运。如果事情不顺利，他立刻做出反应，寻找解决办法，制定新的行动计划，并且主动寻求指点。悲观者则感到自己只能由命运摆布，行动拖拉。既然认为毫无办法，他便不去寻求指点。 [10]乐观主义者也许认为自己比事实能够证明的要强——有时正是这一点使他们充满生机。匹兹堡肿瘤研究所的桑德拉·利维博士对患晚期乳腺癌的妇女进行了研究。对那些通常持乐观态度的妇女来说，两次发病间隔的时间比较长，而这是生存下去的最好预兆。在一次对早期乳腺癌妇女的初步研究中，利维博士发现这一疾病在悲观病人身上复发更早。 [11]乐观态度不会使不治之症痊愈，却有可能预防疾病。在一项长期研究中，研究人员跟踪观察了一组哈佛大学毕业生的健康史。所有这些人都是班上的学生，并且健康状况良好。他们之中有的是积极思考者，有的是消极思考者。20年后，悲观者中患有中年常见病——高血压、糖尿病、心脏病——的人数要比乐观者多。 [12]许多研究显示，悲观者的无助感会损害人体的自然防御体系，即免疫系统。密执安大学的克里斯托弗·彼德森博士发现悲观主义者不能很好地照顾自己。他消极被动，无法避开生活中的打击，无论做什么都会担心身体不好或其他灾难将临。他大嚼不利于健康的垃圾食品，逃避体育锻炼，不听医生的劝告，还总是要再贪一杯。 [13]在多数人身上，乐观主义和悲观主义兼而有之，但总是更倾向于其中之一。塞利格曼说，这是一种早在“母亲膝下”就开始形成的思维模式，来自千万次警告或鼓励，消极的或积极的话语。过多的“不许”及危险警告会使一个孩子感到无能、恐惧以及悲观。 [14]随着年龄的增长，儿童能体会到许多小小的成就感，如学会系鞋带等。家长可以促使这类成功转变为控制感，从而培养出乐观主义。 [15]悲观是一种很难克服的习惯，但并非不能克服。在一系列具有重大突破的研究中，伊利诺伊大学的卡罗尔·德韦克博士对小学低年级儿童做了一些工作。她帮助那些屡屡出错的学生改变对失败原因的解释——从“我准是很笨”变成“我学习还不够努力”——因此他们的学习成绩提高了。 [16]匹兹堡的利维博士想知道把病人变成乐观主义者是否会延长他们的生命。在一次试验性研究中，两组结肠癌病人受到同样方式的治疗，但其中一些人还得到了鼓励乐观态度的心理帮助。试验结果表明这一做法有一定的效果。现在已在计划实施一项重大研究，以确定这一心理变化是否会改变病情的发展。 [17]因此，如果你是个悲观主义者，你完全有理由乐观起来。你能改变自己。以下就是范德比尔特大学的心理学家史蒂夫·霍朗指出的方法： [18]一、当坏事发生时，仔细留意自己的想法，把你最初的想法原原本本地记下来，一字不改。
研究生英语听说教程答案
Unit One Part I Listening Practice Section A Listening for Gist Task 1 1.air hostess 2.teacher 3.dentist 4.shop assistant 5.tourist guide 6.salesman 7.Disc Jockey 8.traffic warden 9.waiter 10.taxi driver Task 2 1.airways, flight 2.homework 3.open up wide, filling, chipped https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc4450699.html,rger size, fit, stock 5.building, designed 6.buys, products 7.record, radio 8.yellow line, no-parking 9.menu, chef 10.road, park Section B Plans for Weekend Task 3 1.Pat 2.Jill 3.Mary 4.Sam 5.Ted 6.Jane Section C Discussing Plans for the Weekend Task 4 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B Section D Making Arrangements
Task 5 A.2 B.4 C.3 D.1 Task 6 1.bring: records meet: bus stop 2.bring: sandwiches, fishing rod and drinks meet: at the river 3.bring: white wine meet: at Pat’s house 4.bring: dessert-chocolate cake and drinks meet: in front of his house Part III Listening Comprehension Test 1-10: DCABD/CBACC Unit Two Part I Listening Practice Section A Guessing about the Situation and Speaker Task 1 1.Football Match https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc4450699.html,w Court 3.Church 4.Quiz Show 5.Airport 6.Weather Forecast 7.Car Showroom 8.Driving Lesson 9.School 10.Tour (of London) Task 2 1.Football Commentator 2.Judge/Magistrate 3.Vicar/Priest/Minister 4.T.V. Presenter 5.Announcer 6.Forecaster 7.Car Salesman 8.Driving Instructor 9.Head Master/Principal 10.Tour Guide
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第一单元 “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝
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