初中英语语法---形容词和副词(含练习)

专题复习---形容词和副词（一）

一、形容词的构成及其用法

用以修饰名词等表示人和事物的性质、特征的词叫形容词。它在句中可以充当定语、表语和宾语补足语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。

Eg. Those big moon cakes are delicious. (作表语)

Eg. There are many beautiful flowers in the park. (作定语)

1.修饰词尾为-body/-one; -thing不定代词时，必须放在其后。

Eg. There’s nothing wrong with my bike.

Eg. Please give me something delicious to eat.

Eg. Anybody clever can’t do such stupid things.

2.表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词的常用结构：

数词+名词+形容词

12 years old/ 8meters long/ 3 meters wide/ 100 kilometers high/ 1.8meters tall

Eg. It’s a river 6 meters deep.

Eg. That’s a road 300 kilometers long.

Eg. The young man is 1.8 meters tall.

3.系动词（look, sound, smell, taste, feel）之后要接形容词

Eg. The soup tastes nice.

Eg. They all looked very happy after hearing the good news.

4.–ing形容词和-ed形容词的区别

-ed形容词通常用来形容人，而-ing形容词通常用来形容事或物

如：disappointed/excited/interested/surprised/bored/amazed/relaxed

(某人)感到失望/兴奋/有趣/奇怪/厌烦/震惊/放松

disappointing /exciting /interesting /surprising /boring /amazing/ relaxing

（某事）令人失望的/兴奋的/有趣的/奇怪的/厌烦的/震惊的/放松的

5.“the +部分形容词”表示“一类人”

the young the old the rich the poor

二、副词的构成和用法。

副词是用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词，主要用来修饰动词、动词词组、形容词等。

副词的构成形式主要有两大类：

1.单词本身就是副词。例如：often, now, always, then, yesterday, today, much, very,

a bit, so, here, there,等

3.enough(足够的；足够地)：当enough修饰名词时，要放在名词前面；而修饰

形容词或副词时，则要放在其后。

Eg: We have enough food to eat.

Eg. The clothes are soft enough for you to wear.

4.易混词辨析

1）hard和hardly

hard 作“艰辛的，坚硬的”时是形容词；作“努力地，辛苦地”是副词hardly 意为“几乎不”，只能作副词

eg. The diamond is very hard.

The old man lived a hard life in the past.

Mary works very hard, but his brother is very lazy and he hardly works.

2）alone和lonely

alone意为“单独地，独自地”，作副词，强调客观事实

lonely意为“寂寞的，孤独的”作形容词，含有主观的感情色彩

eg. The old lady lives alone, but she never feels lonely.

课堂练习：

Task1:翻译短语。

1. 忙碌的一天

2. 回家晚

3. 仔细地书写

4. 一本有趣的书

5. 非常喜欢

6. 美丽的花

7. 刚才8. 立即

9. 九个新学生10. 静静地坐着

11. 起床早12. 度长假

13. 快乐的女孩14. 大大的蓝色眼睛

Task2: 用所给词的正确形式填空.

1. Ken is _______ in playing football, he thinks football is _______.(interest)

2. I feel very ________ now, doing nothing at home is ____________.(bore)

3. I feel ________________ at the _________________ news. (disappoint)

4. We will make you ____________ by the _____________ hairstyle.(excite)

5. You will be _____________ by reading this _____________ film.(relax)

6. We all felt ______________ when we heard of the _______________

news.(surprise)

7. I won’t feel if I don’t find answers. (satisfy)

Task3: 单项选择。

1. We are . Because his story is not .

A. tired; old

B. sleepy(欲睡的); interesting

C. hungry; delicious

D. happy; interesting

2. It’s very . Please close the door and the windows.

A. cold

B. hot

C. warm

D. expensive

3. Jack went to school . His parents were angry.

A. late

B. early

C. well

D. soon

4. The children are sleeping. Please walk .

A. fast

B. beautifully

C. quiet

D.quietly

5. Tom goes to the zoo. The dogs there know him.

A. soon

B. often

C. carefully

D. kind

6. It’s summer. Autumn is coming .

A. very much

B. just now

C. tomorrow

D. soon

7. This river is .

A. 500 meter long

B. 500 meters long

C. 500 long meters

D. 500 long meter

8. Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks in the pink dress!

A. lovely

B. quietly

C. politely

D. happily

9. The question is for you to answer.

A. enough easy

B. enough easily

C. easy enough

D. easily enough

10. The ice in the lake is about one meter . It’s strong enough to skate on.

A. long

B. high

C. thick

D. wide

11. I have to do today.

A. anything important

B. something important

C. important nothing

D. important something

12. Pass my glasses to me, Jack. Because I can read the words in the

newspaper.

A. hardly

B. really

C. clearly

D. nearly

13. The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel .

A. lonely

B. alone

C. happily

D. friendly

14. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining .

A. badly

B. hardly

C. strongly

D. heavily

15. He looked at it again.

A. care

B. carefulness

C. careful

D. carefully