2018届高三英语二轮复习 专题二 语法基础 第五讲 冠词、代词练习

第五讲冠词、代词

冠词

冠词简约不简单，特指泛指需分辨

Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017·浙江卷6月)For Pahlsson, its return was ____________ wonder.

a解析：此处泛指“一个奇迹”，应用不定冠词a。

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed，____________ other is with mum—she never suspects.

the解析：one...the other...“一个……另一个……”，为固定用法。

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ____________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

a解析：for a while“一会儿”，为固定短语。

4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.____________________

去掉the解析：at first“起初；一开始”，为固定短语。

Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读

(一)不定冠词

1．在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a，在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。

a university, a useful animal, a one­eyed dog, a European car, an hour, an honest boy, an X­ray, an ugly man, an honor等。

I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier.

作为一名超市收银员我每小时挣10美元。

2．不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。

(2017·湖北重点中学联考)They found an apartment in America. They were there for only a month.

他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅一个月。

3．表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。

At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts.

那时，我在一家工厂工作。那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。

4．表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。

As the old saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.”

常言道，冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。

5．“a(n)＋序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“a most＋形容词”表示“非常，很”。

He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.

他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是，在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。

He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting.

在会议上他提出一个非常实用的建议。

6．在抽象名词success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger, shock 等前表示“一个……的人或一件……的事”。

The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger.

手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。

7．不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：

all of a sudden 突然

in a hurry 匆忙地

as a rule 通常

be on a visit 参观；拜访

as a matter of fact 事实上

as a result 因此

have a gift for 在某方面有天赋

have/catch a cold 感冒

make a living 谋生

have/take a rest 休息

in a way 从某种意义上说

give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车

(二)定冠词的6种基本用法

1．特指某人或某事。

The village where I was born has grown into a town.

我出生的那个小村庄已经发展成了一个小镇。

2．用于序数词和形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only，very，same等之前。

As is known to all, the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.

众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。

3．某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人，要想到用定冠词。

As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing.

据我所知，格林一家要搬到北京去。

4．在世界上独一无二的事物，西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词。