猫疱疹病毒
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www.medscape.com/.../Pictour5/ public/PicTour5.0.html
Facial Dermatitis
面部皮炎
Hargis & Ginn, 1999
• ulcerative facial lesions - erythematous, erosive, crusting - characterized by eosinophils - intranuclear inclusion bodies
- Nutrition营养
- appetite stimulation 食欲刺激 * diazepam (Valium®) 地西泮
0.05 - 0.25 mg/kg IV (immediate effect) 直接影响 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg q 12 h PO (longer application) 长期运用
Rhinitis 鼻炎
Chronic Rhinitis 慢性鼻炎
Severe Tracheitis / Pneumonia 严重的气管炎、肺炎
Ocular Changes
Keratitis 角膜炎
眼分泌物
- ulcerative keratitis
溃疡性角膜炎
- keratoconjunctivitis sicca
www.markanderson.ndirect.co.uk/ defence.htm
pathogenesis on natural conditions only temperature restrictive replication (< 37°C)
=> replication in "cold" mucosals no viremia at body temperatures
„Kifera“
physical examination 体检 • very quiet, shivering
anorectic 很安静,发抖,厌食 • severe conjunctivitis right > left eye 严重的结膜炎 右眼>左眼 • mild keratitis 轻微的角膜炎 • serous nasal discharge 浆液性鼻分泌物 • anorexia厌食 • hypothermia体温低
自然条件下发病机制仅存在温度限制性复制方式(<37 C)
=> 在“冷的”黏膜中复制
在体温情况下没有病毒血症
- multifocal necrosis of epithelial cells -上皮细胞多灶性坏死
FHV – Epidemiology
流行病学
Excretion 分泌物
by ocular and nasal discharge, saliva 通过眼鼻分泌物,唾液 (1 to 3 week period) 1-3周时间
FURTD 猫上呼吸道疾病
-FHV
= feline herpesvirus (FHV) 猫疱疹病毒
-猫疱疹病毒 = felines rhinotracheitis virus (FRV)
- FCV
猫鼻气管炎病毒 = feline calicivirus 猫杯状病毒
- Chlamydophila felis 猫衣原体
www.imagecyte.com/flash
• cytology (inclusion bodies) rarely to find 很难发现
• 细胞学(包涵体)
• IFA (virus antigen病毒抗原)
sensitive and specific 敏感而有特异性
• PCR
very sensitive 很敏感
(大概一半的比例会具有 流行病学的重要性)
virus goes latent no evidence self-limitation 病毒进入潜伏,没有自身限制的证据
variable period of time 时间段不确定
Gaskell & Bennett, 1996
FHV – Clinical Signs 临床症状
溃疡性面部损伤 红斑,糜烂,结痂 以嗜酸性细胞为特点 细胞核内包涵体
Scott & Craig, 1999
Scott & Craig, 1999
FHV – Diagnosis 诊断
detection of antibodies 抗体的检测 detection of virus 病毒的检测
not useful 没有用
Viral Causes of Upper Respiratory Tract Disease 病毒导致的呼吸道疾病 Feline Herpesvirus 猫疱疹病毒
Katrin Hartmann
Prof. Dr. med. vet., Dr. habil., Dipl. ECVIM-CA
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
• local treatment (eye) 局部治疗(眼部)
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
• Trifluridine
三氟尿苷
• Vidarabine
阿糖腺苷
• Idoxuridine
碘苷
• Cidofovir
西多福韦
• systemic treatment 全身治疗
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
- Bordetella bronchiseptica 支气管败血性博代式菌
- Mykoplasma spp. (e. g. M. felis) 支原体(例如,猫支原体)
- other bacteria 其他细菌
www.the-scientist.library.upenn.edu/ yr2000/may/research
Transmission generally direct,大多数情况时直接传播
传染
indirect transmission possible
Tenacity 稳定性
也可能间接传播
less stable in the environment 环境中稳定性较差 (up to 24 hours) 长达24小时
FHV阳性+猫衣原体 - cytology细胞学 => Chlamydophila felis inclusion bodies
猫衣原体包涵体
FHV
Etiology病因学 big, enveloped DNA virus only one single serotype
大的囊膜DNA病毒
只有一个血清型
• sneezing 喷嚏 • nasal discharge 鼻分泌物 • ulcers in the oral cavitiy 口腔溃疡
96 % 52 %
4%
Mac Lachlan & Burgess, 1978
• ocular changes 眼分泌物 • facial dermatitis 面部皮炎 • abortion 流产
* Cyproheptadine 赛庚啶 (Peritol®) 0.5 - 1 mg/kg q 12 h PO (longer application 长期运用)
* Mirtazapine 米尔塔扎平 3 mg/Ktz. PO - vitamins (mucosal regeneration) 维生素(黏膜重建)
* vitamin A 5000 IU/kg q 24 h PO * vitamin C 80 mg/kg q 8 h PO * vitamin B complex q 48 h SQ
nasal tube
Esophageal tube 食道管
Antiviral drugs against FHV 用于FHV的抗病毒药
通常“应激”之后(例如寄养, 学习,猫展,皮质类固醇)
cat with acute FHV infection
急性FHV感染的猫
chronic Sequelae 长期后遗症
clinical Recovery 临床恢复
100 % become carriers (approximately half
epidemiologically important) 100%会变为携带者
干性角膜结膜炎
- symblepharon 睑球粘连
www.ianimalclinic.com/ Practice.htm
www.uveitis.org/Enhanced/ MD_info/md_
www.fabcats.org/is33.html
Abortion 流产
Abortion 流产 • consequence of general weakness? 是全身病变的结果? • virus replication in the uterus? 病毒在子宫里复制?
carrier state 携带状态
virus persists in ganglions病毒存在于神经节
without shedding不发生排毒 periods of shedding (1 to 2 weeks)
after immunosuppresssion 免疫抑制后(1-2周)会发生排毒
• virus isolation (cell culture) • 病毒分离(细胞培养)
difficult if concurrent FCV infection
如果伴有猫杯状病毒感染,
则很难判断
FHV – Treatment Options 治疗选择
Supportive Treatment 支持治疗
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
=> cytology (for Chlamydophila felis) 细胞学(用于猫衣原体)
„Kifera“
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
- PCR => positive for FHV + Chlamydophila felis
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
• Trifluridine
三氟尿苷
• Vidarabine
阿糖腺苷
• Idoxuridine
Ulceration溃疡
+
+++
-
-
Keratitis角膜炎
+
-
-
-
Coughing咳嗽
(+)
-
-
++
Pneumonia肺炎
(+)
+
+
+
Lameness跛行
-
++
源自文库
-
-
„Kifera“
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
=> multiplex PCR (FCV, FHV, Chlamydophila felis) 多元性PCR(猫杯状病毒,猫疱疹病毒,猫衣原体)
• Valacyklovir
万乃诺韦
• Famcyclovir
泛昔洛韦
• interferon-ω
ω干扰素
• specific antibodies (Feliserin®) 特定抗体
Antiviral drugs against FHV 用于FHV的抗病毒药
• local treatment (eye) 局部治疗(眼部)
• Siamese 暹罗猫
•10 weeks old 10周
• female 母猫
„Kifera“
„Kifera“
history 病史 • was purchased from
a breeder 1 week ago 1周前从繁殖者那里买来 • next day started sneezing and nasal discharge 第二天开始打喷嚏和流鼻液 • vaccinated once 免疫过一次 • single cat household 家里只有这一只猫 • only indoors 只在室内生活
susceptible cat怀疑患病猫
FHV - Carrier State 携带状态
+
Virus病毒
shedding carrier (may showclinical signs)
排毒的携带者 (可能表现临床症状)
4 -11 days
often after “stress” (e.g. boarding, going to stud, cat show, corticosteroid)
FURTD 猫上呼吸道疾病
FHV
FCV
Cf
Bb
Lethargy嗜睡
+++
+
+
+
Sneezing喷嚏
+++
+
+
++
Conjunctivitis结膜炎
++
(+)
+++
-
Salivation流涎
++
+
-
-
ocular disch眼分泌物 +++
++
+++
(+)
nasal disch鼻分泌物 +++
+
+
++
Facial Dermatitis
面部皮炎
Hargis & Ginn, 1999
• ulcerative facial lesions - erythematous, erosive, crusting - characterized by eosinophils - intranuclear inclusion bodies
- Nutrition营养
- appetite stimulation 食欲刺激 * diazepam (Valium®) 地西泮
0.05 - 0.25 mg/kg IV (immediate effect) 直接影响 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg q 12 h PO (longer application) 长期运用
Rhinitis 鼻炎
Chronic Rhinitis 慢性鼻炎
Severe Tracheitis / Pneumonia 严重的气管炎、肺炎
Ocular Changes
Keratitis 角膜炎
眼分泌物
- ulcerative keratitis
溃疡性角膜炎
- keratoconjunctivitis sicca
www.markanderson.ndirect.co.uk/ defence.htm
pathogenesis on natural conditions only temperature restrictive replication (< 37°C)
=> replication in "cold" mucosals no viremia at body temperatures
„Kifera“
physical examination 体检 • very quiet, shivering
anorectic 很安静,发抖,厌食 • severe conjunctivitis right > left eye 严重的结膜炎 右眼>左眼 • mild keratitis 轻微的角膜炎 • serous nasal discharge 浆液性鼻分泌物 • anorexia厌食 • hypothermia体温低
自然条件下发病机制仅存在温度限制性复制方式(<37 C)
=> 在“冷的”黏膜中复制
在体温情况下没有病毒血症
- multifocal necrosis of epithelial cells -上皮细胞多灶性坏死
FHV – Epidemiology
流行病学
Excretion 分泌物
by ocular and nasal discharge, saliva 通过眼鼻分泌物,唾液 (1 to 3 week period) 1-3周时间
FURTD 猫上呼吸道疾病
-FHV
= feline herpesvirus (FHV) 猫疱疹病毒
-猫疱疹病毒 = felines rhinotracheitis virus (FRV)
- FCV
猫鼻气管炎病毒 = feline calicivirus 猫杯状病毒
- Chlamydophila felis 猫衣原体
www.imagecyte.com/flash
• cytology (inclusion bodies) rarely to find 很难发现
• 细胞学(包涵体)
• IFA (virus antigen病毒抗原)
sensitive and specific 敏感而有特异性
• PCR
very sensitive 很敏感
(大概一半的比例会具有 流行病学的重要性)
virus goes latent no evidence self-limitation 病毒进入潜伏,没有自身限制的证据
variable period of time 时间段不确定
Gaskell & Bennett, 1996
FHV – Clinical Signs 临床症状
溃疡性面部损伤 红斑,糜烂,结痂 以嗜酸性细胞为特点 细胞核内包涵体
Scott & Craig, 1999
Scott & Craig, 1999
FHV – Diagnosis 诊断
detection of antibodies 抗体的检测 detection of virus 病毒的检测
not useful 没有用
Viral Causes of Upper Respiratory Tract Disease 病毒导致的呼吸道疾病 Feline Herpesvirus 猫疱疹病毒
Katrin Hartmann
Prof. Dr. med. vet., Dr. habil., Dipl. ECVIM-CA
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
• local treatment (eye) 局部治疗(眼部)
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
• Trifluridine
三氟尿苷
• Vidarabine
阿糖腺苷
• Idoxuridine
碘苷
• Cidofovir
西多福韦
• systemic treatment 全身治疗
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
- Bordetella bronchiseptica 支气管败血性博代式菌
- Mykoplasma spp. (e. g. M. felis) 支原体(例如,猫支原体)
- other bacteria 其他细菌
www.the-scientist.library.upenn.edu/ yr2000/may/research
Transmission generally direct,大多数情况时直接传播
传染
indirect transmission possible
Tenacity 稳定性
也可能间接传播
less stable in the environment 环境中稳定性较差 (up to 24 hours) 长达24小时
FHV阳性+猫衣原体 - cytology细胞学 => Chlamydophila felis inclusion bodies
猫衣原体包涵体
FHV
Etiology病因学 big, enveloped DNA virus only one single serotype
大的囊膜DNA病毒
只有一个血清型
• sneezing 喷嚏 • nasal discharge 鼻分泌物 • ulcers in the oral cavitiy 口腔溃疡
96 % 52 %
4%
Mac Lachlan & Burgess, 1978
• ocular changes 眼分泌物 • facial dermatitis 面部皮炎 • abortion 流产
* Cyproheptadine 赛庚啶 (Peritol®) 0.5 - 1 mg/kg q 12 h PO (longer application 长期运用)
* Mirtazapine 米尔塔扎平 3 mg/Ktz. PO - vitamins (mucosal regeneration) 维生素(黏膜重建)
* vitamin A 5000 IU/kg q 24 h PO * vitamin C 80 mg/kg q 8 h PO * vitamin B complex q 48 h SQ
nasal tube
Esophageal tube 食道管
Antiviral drugs against FHV 用于FHV的抗病毒药
通常“应激”之后(例如寄养, 学习,猫展,皮质类固醇)
cat with acute FHV infection
急性FHV感染的猫
chronic Sequelae 长期后遗症
clinical Recovery 临床恢复
100 % become carriers (approximately half
epidemiologically important) 100%会变为携带者
干性角膜结膜炎
- symblepharon 睑球粘连
www.ianimalclinic.com/ Practice.htm
www.uveitis.org/Enhanced/ MD_info/md_
www.fabcats.org/is33.html
Abortion 流产
Abortion 流产 • consequence of general weakness? 是全身病变的结果? • virus replication in the uterus? 病毒在子宫里复制?
carrier state 携带状态
virus persists in ganglions病毒存在于神经节
without shedding不发生排毒 periods of shedding (1 to 2 weeks)
after immunosuppresssion 免疫抑制后(1-2周)会发生排毒
• virus isolation (cell culture) • 病毒分离(细胞培养)
difficult if concurrent FCV infection
如果伴有猫杯状病毒感染,
则很难判断
FHV – Treatment Options 治疗选择
Supportive Treatment 支持治疗
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
=> cytology (for Chlamydophila felis) 细胞学(用于猫衣原体)
„Kifera“
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
- PCR => positive for FHV + Chlamydophila felis
• Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
• Trifluridine
三氟尿苷
• Vidarabine
阿糖腺苷
• Idoxuridine
Ulceration溃疡
+
+++
-
-
Keratitis角膜炎
+
-
-
-
Coughing咳嗽
(+)
-
-
++
Pneumonia肺炎
(+)
+
+
+
Lameness跛行
-
++
源自文库
-
-
„Kifera“
• swab (conjunctiva) 拭子(结膜)
=> multiplex PCR (FCV, FHV, Chlamydophila felis) 多元性PCR(猫杯状病毒,猫疱疹病毒,猫衣原体)
• Valacyklovir
万乃诺韦
• Famcyclovir
泛昔洛韦
• interferon-ω
ω干扰素
• specific antibodies (Feliserin®) 特定抗体
Antiviral drugs against FHV 用于FHV的抗病毒药
• local treatment (eye) 局部治疗(眼部)
• Siamese 暹罗猫
•10 weeks old 10周
• female 母猫
„Kifera“
„Kifera“
history 病史 • was purchased from
a breeder 1 week ago 1周前从繁殖者那里买来 • next day started sneezing and nasal discharge 第二天开始打喷嚏和流鼻液 • vaccinated once 免疫过一次 • single cat household 家里只有这一只猫 • only indoors 只在室内生活
susceptible cat怀疑患病猫
FHV - Carrier State 携带状态
+
Virus病毒
shedding carrier (may showclinical signs)
排毒的携带者 (可能表现临床症状)
4 -11 days
often after “stress” (e.g. boarding, going to stud, cat show, corticosteroid)
FURTD 猫上呼吸道疾病
FHV
FCV
Cf
Bb
Lethargy嗜睡
+++
+
+
+
Sneezing喷嚏
+++
+
+
++
Conjunctivitis结膜炎
++
(+)
+++
-
Salivation流涎
++
+
-
-
ocular disch眼分泌物 +++
++
+++
(+)
nasal disch鼻分泌物 +++
+
+
++