脑中风危险因素-中英对照

第二十四页：

Metabolic syndrome has been associated with an increased risk of prevalent stroke.

代谢综合征已与风险增加的普遍中风。

In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, among 10 357 subjects,482

在全国健康和营养调查，其中10个357个科目，482

the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in persons with a

self-reported

代谢综合征的患病率较高的人与自我报告

history of stroke (43.5%) than in subjects with no history of CVD (22.8%;

P0.001).

历史的中风（43.5%）比科目没有历史的心血管疾病（22.8%；p）。

The metabolic syndrome was independently associated with stroke history in all

代谢综合征是独立与中风史的所有

ethnic groups and both sexes (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 0.48 to 3.16).

民族和性别（或，2.16；95%，0.48- 3.16）。

Recommendations

建议

1. Management of individual components of the metabolic syndrome is recommended,

1。管理的各个组成部分的代谢综合征的建议，

including lifestyle measures (ie, exercise, appropriate weight loss, proper diet) 包括生活方式的措施（即，适当的锻炼，体重减轻，适当的饮食）

and pharmacotherapy (ie, medications for lowering BP, lowering lipids, glycemic

和药物治疗（即药物，降低血压，降低血脂，血糖

control,and antiplatelet therapy) as reflected in the NCEPATP III and the JNC 7,90 and as endorsed or indicated in other sections of this guideline. (Refer to relevant

控制，和抗血小板治疗）中所反映的ncepatp三并捷讯7,90和认可或表明在其他部分的这一方针。（参阅相关

sections for Classes and Levels of Evidence for each recommendation.)

部分类和水平的证据，每一项建议。）

2. The effectiveness of agents that ameliorate aspects of the insulin resistance

2。代理有效性，改善方面的胰岛素抵抗

syndrome for reducing stroke risk is unknown (Class IIb; Level of Evidence C).

综合征减少中风的风险是未知的（类防爆；水平的证据，丙）。

第二十五页：

Alcohol Consumption

酒精消费

Most studies suggest a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the

大多数研究表明一个J形酒精消费之间的联系和

risk of total and ischemic stroke, with a protective effect in light or moderate

总的风险和缺血性中风，具有保护作用的轻或中度

drinkers and an elevated risk with heavy alcohol

consumption.8,492,493,497–504 In

饮酒和高风险的重型酒精消费。8492493497–504

contrast, a linear association exists between alcohol consumption and risk of

相反，一个线性协会之间的酒精消费和风险

hemorrhagic stroke.Light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with greater levels of HDL cholesterol,507–509 reduced platelet aggregation, lower fibrinogen concentrations, and increased insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Heavy alcohol consumption can result in hypertension, hypercoagulability, reduced cerebral blood flow, and increased risk of atrial fibrillation.

出血性中风。轻至中度酒精消费是与更高水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，507–509降低血小板聚集，纤维蛋白原浓度降低，并增加胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖代谢。大量饮酒可导致高血压，高凝状态，减少脑血流量，和风险增加心房颤动。

第二十六页：

A 22% increase in stroke occurred in those consuming at least 21 drinks per week,

增加22%的中风发生在那些消耗至少21饮料每星期，

whereas consumption of 1 to 6 drinks per week was associated with the lowest stroke

而消耗1至6饮料每星期是与最低中风

risk. In a meta-analysis of 35 observational studies,506 consumption of 60 g of alcohol per day was associated with a 64% increased risk of stroke (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.39 to 1.93), a 69% increase in ischemic stroke (RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.15), and more than double the risk of hemorrhagic stroke (RR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.20).

风险。在Meta分析35个观测研究，506消费60克酒精每天与64%的中风的风险增加（居民，1.64；95%信赖区间，1.39到1.93），增加69%的缺血性中风（居民，1.69；95%信赖区间，1.34到2.15），并增加一倍以上的风险出血性中风（居民，2.18；95%信赖区间，1.48到3.20）。

Consumption of 12 g of alcohol per day was associated with a reduced risk of total

消费12克酒精每天是与减少风险的总

stroke (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.91) and ischemic stroke (RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67

中风（居民，0.83；95%信赖区间，0.75到0.91）和缺血性中风（居民，0.80；95%信赖区间，0.67