15-5-6-香蕉贮藏与保鲜PPT(中英文)

the heading time is different, the heading to the mature time is different.
一般用于贮运香蕉，在正常情况下5-6月断蕾的，气温高，果实发育 快，可在70天后采收； This method generally used for the storage of banana. It can be harvested in 70 days that cutting off the buds in 56months under normal circumstances, high temperature with fast development. 7-8月断蕾的，在90天后采收；it can be picked in 90days that


九成熟香蕉基本上果身饱满，无棱角，成熟度高。 Nine maturity period banana is full body without angular. Its maturity is high.

（二）抽蕾期判断法The identify method of pumping stage 根据焦花抽蕾后果实生长的天数来确定采收期，抽穗时间不同，抽 穗到成熟的时间也不同。 According to the number of days after the flower bud, the growth of the fruit is determined by the time of the harvest,
picked in 120-150days that cutting off the buds in 10-12months
以生育期推算成熟度的，可根据当地的气候条件而定。 It depends on the local temperature.
三、无伤采收picking without injury
cutting off the buds in 7-8months.
9-10月断蕾的，则需120—140天才能采收，it can be picked in 120140days that cutting off the buds in 9-10 months 10-12月抽蕾的蕉果，天气冷，需要120-150天才能成熟。It can be

七成熟香蕉基本上青绿色，果身饱满，棱角分明，成
熟度低。

Seven maturity period banana is Turquoise with full body, angular. Its maturity is low.

八成熟香蕉果身圆满，还能看出部分棱角。 Eight maturity period banana is full body with some of angular.
cutting down the banana. Put a soft bag on someone’s shoulder, in case of injuring the fruit. Use
hands to clasp the plastic sack, the other one cut down the tree and make it tilt, the scion person put the banana on the shoulder conveniently, and the other person cutting off the pedicel, left a certain length to help catch them while in transportation.
※中国香蕉主要分布在广东、广西、福建、台湾、云南和海南，贵州、四川、重庆也有少量栽培。
Banana are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan , Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hainan in China. ※香蕉味香、富于营养，终年可收获，在温带地区也很受重视。香蕉含有多种微量元素和维生素， 能帮助肌肉松弛，使人身心愉悦 ，并具有一定的减肥功效。 Banana was attached great importance in temperate region because it tastes sweet, rich in nutrition and can be harvested all the year round. Bananas contain a variety of trace elements and vitamins, can help the muscle relaxation, make people happy, and have a certain effect on losing weight.
八、催熟Ripening
香蕉颇具特色的生长方式 Characterized growing method of Banana
一、香蕉简介introduction of banana
※香蕉，芭蕉科（Musaceae）芭蕉属（Musa）植物，又指其果实。Banana is the fruit of a type genus of the Musaceae. ※热带地区广泛栽培食用。中国是世界上栽培香蕉的古老国家之一，世界上主栽的香蕉品种大多由 中国传去。香蕉分布在东、西、南半球南北纬度30°以内的热带、亚热带地区。世界上栽培香蕉的 国家有130个，以中美洲产量最多，其次是亚洲。 Banana is widely cultivated in the tropic area. China is one of the ancient countries that cultivated banana in the world. The main banana varieties mostly come from China. Banana distributed in east, west, the southern hemisphere tropical and subtropical regions within 30 ° latitude. The world has 130 countries cultivated banana, with the most production in CentreAmerica, followed by Asia.
三、无伤采收picking without injury 四、贮运前处理Treatment before storage and transportation 五、分级Classification 六、包装Package 七、运输贮藏storage and transportation

二、适时采收picking at a appropriate time
※ 香蕉采后贮运保鲜技术是一项综合性很强的技术，各个环节需要密切配合。
How to keep the banana fresh after picking is a comprehensive and strong technology. It need to work closely with each part. ※ 采收时，尽量采用科学操作法，避免对果实产生机械损伤。 Adopt scientific operation as far as possible when harvesting, which to avoid mechanical damage on the fruit. ※ 香蕉过早采收，生理成熟度不够，果实品质和风味不佳；采收过迟，无法长途运输。
第 五 节 香蕉贮藏保鲜技术 Section five Banana stock and preserving freshness technique
内

容content
一、香蕉简介Introduction of banana


二、适时采收picking at a appropriate time
※ 有2种方法判断采收时机，一是果实饱满程度法，二是抽蕾期判断法。There
are two ways to identify the picking timing. One is the method of fruit firmness degree, the other one is Pumping stage identify method.
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（一）果实饱满程度法 1. The method of fruit firmness degree
蕉农根据经验，依大小和饱满程度定，依棱角大小为 依据。

According to the farmer’s experience, depending on the size and degree of satiation, in accordance with the size of edges.
人工扛

（2）3人组，1人砍焦，1人接蕉，一人带扁担挑蕉。蕉轴断时，接蕉人应立即 接蕉，倒立在地上，扶稳果穗，用扁担上的绳扣系稳果穗，再砍另一串蕉，挑 往加工厂。Three persons in one team. One of them cutting down the banana, one of them receiving the banana, one of them pick the pole of banana. When the banana shaft was broken, the people who needs to receiving the banana should immediately contact the banana, inverted the banana on the ground, help to stabilize the pedicel, with the pole on the rope to buckle the pedicel, then cut another string of banana, pick them to processing factory.
二、适时采收picking at a appropriate time
※ 在贮藏过程中，避免香蕉腐烂变质关键有2条, 一是防止腐烂变质，二是推迟
成熟过程。There are two keys to avoid the banana get rot in the process of storage. One is to prevent spoiling , the other one is delay the process of ripening.
分为人工采摘和机械采收it can be divided into Manual picking and machine picking.

人工采摘分为2人组和3人组 two or three persons in one manual picking team.
（1）2人组，一人接穗，一人砍穂，一人肩上垫好软袋，以免伤及蕉果，双手搂住塑料套袋， 另一人砍焦树，使其倾斜，接穗者顺势把蕉果防肩膀软垫上，砍蕉人把果蒂砍断，留出一定 长度的果穗，有助于运输时抓扶。Two persons in one team. One for scion, the other one for
Early harvested: The physiological maturity of banana is not enough, poor fruit quality and flavor.
Too late harvested: Can’t long-distance transportation. ※ 据国内有关试验，一般北运的香蕉在七至八成熟时采收； 当地销售的要八至九成熟时采收比较适宜 According to the research, it will be better to pick in Seven or Eight maturity period if you want to transport them to the North. It will be better to pick in Eight or Nine maturity period if you want to sell them in local.