环境态度与环境行为之研究-建国科技大学

生態旅遊遊憩體驗、環境態度與環境行為之研究：

以高美濕地為例

作者姓名: 楊愛施吳妮霖方昱靈張孟璇田芳綺李伊靜

服務單位: 建國科技大學

E-mail Address: vanessa@.tw

摘要

本研究目的在探討高美濕地遊客之遊憩體驗、環境態度及環境行為，並針對研究結果提出具體之建議，以提升濕地遊客環境行為及環境態度的概念。本研究以高美濕地遊客為母體群，以便利抽樣方式調查，共計發放問卷400份，回收400份，取得有效問卷392份，有效問卷回收率為98%。

經統計分析後得到結果如下，高美濕地遊客社經背景變項對遊憩體驗、環境態度與環境行為有顯著差異。遊客屬性在不同月收入對環境態度的看法有顯著不同。生態旅遊的目的是以體驗自然為主，在遊憩體驗感受的程度是很高的。分析結果顯示，遊憩體驗的感受、環境態度的傾向與環境行為的意圖之間呈現顯著正相關。高美濕地遊客的環境態度可以預測其環境行為之表現。

根據分析結果，本研究建議高美溼地應該加強解說服務。生態旅遊教學應培訓遊客對於高美濕地環境生態保育的觀念，主管單位應做好規劃和經營責任，政府單位也應該加強宣導濕地環境保護的重要性，充實活動的內涵以達到生態教育的意義，提升濕地遊客之遊憩體驗、環境態度與環境行為。

關鍵詞：遊憩體驗、環境態度、環境行為、生態旅遊

Study of the Relationship between Recreational Experience, Environmental Attitudes, and Environmental Behavior of Ecotourism for Tourists in Gaomei Wetland

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the recreation experience, environmental attitude and environmental behavior, and also give concrete suggestions based on the study findings to enhance tourists’ environmental behavior and environmental attitude

concept. This study took the tourists in Gaomei Wetland as population, and was selected by convenient sampling. The total 400 questionnaires were returned 400 copies, 392 of them were valid, and the valid retrieval rate was 98%. The purpose of Ecotourism was primary to experience nature in the wetland, so they got high experiencing after visiting the Gaomei Wetland.

The following findings were yielded after the data statistically analyzed of the tourists socioeconomic background. The variables of socioeconomic background have a significant difference on recreation experience, environmental attitude and environmental behavior. People of different salaries had different viewpoints on environmental attitudes. Recreational experience, environmental attitude, and environmental behavior intention of tourists were positively correlated. The tourists’ Environmental Attitude can predict the Environmental Behavior.

According to the analysis results, this study recommends a tour guide system should be incorporated in the wetland management that Ecotourism should emphasize on wetland environment-related cognition. Wetland authorities should demonstrate more responsibilities operating the Wetland. The government department should also strengthen the guidance of the importance on wetland environmental protection, holding conservational activities, and promoting ecology education so as to improve revisit intention in order to increase wetland tourists' recreation experience, attitude, and behavior.

Key words: recreational experience, environmental attitudes, environmental behavior, Ecotourism

1.前言

根據旅遊資訊王(2015)報導高美濕地座落於台中清水大甲溪南岸，因其自然海岸美景與豐富的溼地生態系，一直是台灣熱門的觀光景點。生態旅遊是屬於親近大自然的旅遊，高美濕地交通便利，每逢假日就是許多遊客造訪的美景聖地。愛好攝影的攝影師，愛好自行車的運動者，許多旅遊節目都來此介紹高美濕地的特色，成功吸引了慕名而來的遊客，來此欣賞高美溼地的生態之美。

1.1 研究動機

在推行生態旅遊的同時，遊客對生態旅遊的認知是很重要的因素。研究高美濕地的主因是想讓大家知道生態對地球的重要性，藉由遊憩體驗，幫助高美濕地推動環境保護，讓遊客更了解為何需要保育台灣特有的生態動植物，不讓動植物面臨絕種的問題。希望藉由教導遊客正確的環境知識與觀念，讓遊客在遊憩體驗的過程中感受到環境的訊息，繼而改變環境態度與環境行為，提升生態環境的永