祈使句,感叹句,反义疑问句,倒装句

祈使句

定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令。

祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。

一、祈使句的肯定句式

1.祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：

①实意动词原形＋其它成分

Stand up!

Close the door, please.

① Be动词＋其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)

Be quiet,please./Please be quiet.

① Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其它成分

Let me help you.

2. 祈祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never

①在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’

Don't forget me!

①在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t

Don't be late for school!

③Let型的否定式有两种:

Let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+ not+ 动词原形

Don’t let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+动词原形

Let’s not say anything about it.

Don’t let him go alone.

3.No＋名词/V-ing形式结构，表示禁止做某事。

例如：No fishing!

No smoking!

No photos!

4.以may为句首的表示祝愿的祈使句.

May you + 动词原形

1) 祝你成功!May you succeed!

2) 祝你一路平安!May you have a safe journey!

5.don’t/doesn’t/didn’t后跟动词原形

Please后跟动词原形

练习：单项选择

1. ________ stand too close to North Americans. Give them more personal space.

A. Aren't

B. Didn't

C. Won't

D. Don't

2. ---Is there a No. 2 bus stop near here?

---Yes, there is. __________ at the second crossing, and you will find it.

A. Turning left

B. Turn left

C. To turn left

D. Turns left

3. —________. The baby is sleeping. I'm sorry.

A. Not talk

B. Not talking

C. Don't talk

D. Can't talk

4. — _______ late for school again, Tim! — Sorry, I promise that I _______.

A. Don’t; won’t

B. Don’t be; won’t

C. Don’t be; don’t

D. Don’t; will

5. Don’t ___ shy. Everyone may make mistakes at the beginning.

A. am

B. is

C. be

D. are

6. Please . The boy is studying.

A. not noisy

B. don’t noisy

C. not to be noisy

D. don’t be noisy

7. —I’m leaving now. —________ you turn off the lights and the computer.

A. To make sure

B. Make sure

C. Made sure

D. Making sure

8. Tony, ________, or you will get heavier.

A. doesn't play sports any more

B. doesn't eat so much meat

C. don't play sports any more

D. don't eat so much meat

9. Don’t _______ too much TV. It’s bad for your eyes.

A. watching

B. to watch

C. watch

D. watches

10. —Would you please _______ near the river? Oh, sorry, I won’t.

A. not play

B.don’t play

C. not to play

11. — Please don’t make a noise. — ________ . I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.

A. Yes, I do

B. No, I don’t

C. Yes, I will

D. No, I won’t

12. — ______, please.K-E-Y.

A. What’s this

B. Spell it

C. Can you spell it

D. What is it

13. _________ play in the street. It’s very dangerous.

A. Do

B. Not

C. Don’t

D. Doesn’t

14. climb the tree! It’s too small. Come down quickly!

A. Don’t

B. Isn’t

C. Aren’t

D. Do

15. —Don’t forget to close the door after school. — ________.

A.OK, I won’t

B.OK, I will.

C.Yes, I do.

D.No, I don’t.

16. ---Sorry for being late again. ---__________here on time next time, or you’ll be punished.

A. Be

B. Being

C. To be

D. Been

17. _____ drive too fast .We have enough（足够的）time to get there.

A. Not

B. Don’t

C. doesn’t

18. Boys and girls, _____in bed. It’s bad for your eyes

A. not read

B. doesn’t read

C. no read

D. don’t read

感叹句

感叹句：表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情；表达喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等强烈情绪；

感叹句分为两种：一种以what引导，一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号！

what修饰名词；how 修饰形容词，副词或动词

1. What引导的感叹句：

① What +a(an) +（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！如：

①What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！