词汇学构词法clipping
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Chapter 4 --English Word Formation
Types of Word Formation
? Affixation( Prefixation ,Suffixation ) ? Compounding ? Conversion ? Blending ? Clipping ? Acronymy ( Initialisms ,Acronyms ) ? Back-formation ? Onomatopoeia ? Sound Reduplication ? Commonization of Proper Names
(2). Back clipping
? doctor ?doc ? gasoline ? gas ? cablegram ? cable ? examination ? exam ? advertisement ? ad
(3).Front and back clipping
? influenza ? flu ? detective ? tec ? pre script ion ?script ? apollinaris ? polly
(4). Middle clipping
? spectacle s? specs ? mathematic s ? maths
(5). Phrase clipping
? popular music ?pop ? public house? pub ? zoological garden? zoo ? permanent waves?perm
Examples:
? gasoline ? gas ? hamburger ? burger ? delicatessen ? deli ? microphone ? mike
4.2. Why do we have clipping as a way of word-formation?
This is because in modern times, people tend to economical in writing and speech to keep up with the tempo of new life style. To save time one is likely to clip words that are frequently used.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
4.3.Five common types of clipping:
1.Front clipping 2.Back clipping 3.Front and back clipping 4.Middle clipping 5.Phrase clipping
(1).Front clipping
? robot ? bot ? Internet ?net ? turnpike ? pike ? omni bus ? bus ? telephone ?phone ? violoncello? cello ? para chute ? chute
Eg. refrigerator ? fridge microphone ? mike television ? telly handkerchief ? hanky comfortable ? comfy
For convenience and casualness in speech, people often omit one or two syllables from a word, and when it's written down, a new spelling form is coined to suit the oral form.
In some cases, clipping give rise to alterations in spelling and pronunciation. This change in form and sound is possibly due to the informality typical of clipped forms.
4.1. Definition
Clipping 截短法
In linguistics, clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts
(Marchand: 1969). long ? ? ? short
Types of Word Formation
? Affixation( Prefixation ,Suffixation ) ? Compounding ? Conversion ? Blending ? Clipping ? Acronymy ( Initialisms ,Acronyms ) ? Back-formation ? Onomatopoeia ? Sound Reduplication ? Commonization of Proper Names
(2). Back clipping
? doctor ?doc ? gasoline ? gas ? cablegram ? cable ? examination ? exam ? advertisement ? ad
(3).Front and back clipping
? influenza ? flu ? detective ? tec ? pre script ion ?script ? apollinaris ? polly
(4). Middle clipping
? spectacle s? specs ? mathematic s ? maths
(5). Phrase clipping
? popular music ?pop ? public house? pub ? zoological garden? zoo ? permanent waves?perm
Examples:
? gasoline ? gas ? hamburger ? burger ? delicatessen ? deli ? microphone ? mike
4.2. Why do we have clipping as a way of word-formation?
This is because in modern times, people tend to economical in writing and speech to keep up with the tempo of new life style. To save time one is likely to clip words that are frequently used.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
4.3.Five common types of clipping:
1.Front clipping 2.Back clipping 3.Front and back clipping 4.Middle clipping 5.Phrase clipping
(1).Front clipping
? robot ? bot ? Internet ?net ? turnpike ? pike ? omni bus ? bus ? telephone ?phone ? violoncello? cello ? para chute ? chute
Eg. refrigerator ? fridge microphone ? mike television ? telly handkerchief ? hanky comfortable ? comfy
For convenience and casualness in speech, people often omit one or two syllables from a word, and when it's written down, a new spelling form is coined to suit the oral form.
In some cases, clipping give rise to alterations in spelling and pronunciation. This change in form and sound is possibly due to the informality typical of clipped forms.
4.1. Definition
Clipping 截短法
In linguistics, clipping is the word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts
(Marchand: 1969). long ? ? ? short