蛋白质组学介绍
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• The term "proteome" has also been used to refer to the collection of proteins in certain sub-cellular biological systems. For example, all of the proteins in a virus can be called a viral proteome.
• The discipline of proteomics has been initiated to complement physical genomic research.
• The term “proteome” was coined in 1994 by an Australian graduate student (Mark Wilkins), it has come to be used and defined in a variety of different ways
– Where does the diversity come from?
Answer: It’s the proteins!!!!!!!!!!!!
Proteomics
• The proteome is larger than the genome, especially in eukaryotes, in the sense that there are more proteins than genes.
Proteomics
• So where are we in our understanding of the cell?
– 31-60 K total genes in the human genome with little difference between the fruit fly and us!
• A given piece of pre-mRNA which has been transcribed from one gene can be chopped and reconnected in different ways to yield various new mRNAs which then exit the nucleus to be transla来自百度文库ed in the cytoplasm.
• This is due to:
• alternative splicing of genes
• post-translational modifications like glycosylation or Phosphorylation.
alternative splicing of genes
• Or - A complete description of proteins expressed in any given cell at any given time
Proteomics
• A cellular proteome is the collection of proteins found in a particular cell type under a particular set of environmental conditions such as exposure to hormone stimulation
• A new fundamental concept called proteome (PROTEin complement to a genOME) has recently emerged.
Proteomics
• should drastically help to unravel biochemical and physiological mechanisms of complex multivariate diseases at the functional molecular level.
Proteomics
• The dream of having genomes completely sequenced is now a reality. The complete sequence of many genomes including the human one is known.
• However, the understanding of probably half a million human proteins encoded by less than 30,000 genes is still a long way away and the hard work to unravel the complexity of biological systems is yet to come.
Proteomics
• Definition-The identification, characterization and quantification of all proteins involved in a particular pathway, organelle, cell, tissue, organ or organism that can be studied in concert to provide accurate and comprehensive data about that system.
• It can also be useful to consider an organism's complete proteome, which can be conceptualized as the complete set of proteins from all of the various cellular proteomes. This is very roughly the protein equivalent of the genome.
• The discipline of proteomics has been initiated to complement physical genomic research.
• The term “proteome” was coined in 1994 by an Australian graduate student (Mark Wilkins), it has come to be used and defined in a variety of different ways
– Where does the diversity come from?
Answer: It’s the proteins!!!!!!!!!!!!
Proteomics
• The proteome is larger than the genome, especially in eukaryotes, in the sense that there are more proteins than genes.
Proteomics
• So where are we in our understanding of the cell?
– 31-60 K total genes in the human genome with little difference between the fruit fly and us!
• A given piece of pre-mRNA which has been transcribed from one gene can be chopped and reconnected in different ways to yield various new mRNAs which then exit the nucleus to be transla来自百度文库ed in the cytoplasm.
• This is due to:
• alternative splicing of genes
• post-translational modifications like glycosylation or Phosphorylation.
alternative splicing of genes
• Or - A complete description of proteins expressed in any given cell at any given time
Proteomics
• A cellular proteome is the collection of proteins found in a particular cell type under a particular set of environmental conditions such as exposure to hormone stimulation
• A new fundamental concept called proteome (PROTEin complement to a genOME) has recently emerged.
Proteomics
• should drastically help to unravel biochemical and physiological mechanisms of complex multivariate diseases at the functional molecular level.
Proteomics
• The dream of having genomes completely sequenced is now a reality. The complete sequence of many genomes including the human one is known.
• However, the understanding of probably half a million human proteins encoded by less than 30,000 genes is still a long way away and the hard work to unravel the complexity of biological systems is yet to come.
Proteomics
• Definition-The identification, characterization and quantification of all proteins involved in a particular pathway, organelle, cell, tissue, organ or organism that can be studied in concert to provide accurate and comprehensive data about that system.
• It can also be useful to consider an organism's complete proteome, which can be conceptualized as the complete set of proteins from all of the various cellular proteomes. This is very roughly the protein equivalent of the genome.