高考强调句型考点揭秘.doc

高考强调句型考点揭秘

强调句型是高中英语中一个重要的语法项目，是高考重要考点之一。其基本结构为：it is/was +被强调的部分+that+其他成分(当被强调部分为sb.，且在句中作主语时，可用who)。所强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或者状语，但不能是定语或谓语。原句是现在时，强调句用it is that ;原句是过去时，强调句用it was that 。如果去掉这个结构，经过语序调整或不调整，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型的关键。本文拟结合历年高考试题对强调句型的考点作如下归纳。

一、语序问题

1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

例1 Was it that I saw last night at the concert?

例2 Why is it that she is not so healthy as she used to be?

2.强调句型在宾语从句中用陈述语序

例3 I don t know ________________ in the novel that made him burst into tears. (what)

我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。(2012湖北)

解析：观察题干中多了一个联词that,汉语翻译中多了一个是什么，可知要用强调结构：疑问词+it+ was/is that的用法;故答案为：what it was

二、主谓一致

强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。

例4 It s what you do rather than what you say that matters.

例5 It s your efforts not your intelligence that determine (决定)your success.(2008湖北)

例6 It is the ability to do the job__ matters，not where you came from or what you are.

A. one

B. it

C. what

D. that

解析：通过以上三个例子可以得出一个结论，被强调的主语由not A but B ; A rather than B; A not B 构成时，that后面谓语的单复数以肯定为准，有时还可以将否定的部分置于句末。

三、not until 的强调

用It is/was not until...that... 这一固定句型，由于否定已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式，同时要注意主句的主谓不能使用倒装语序。如果把not until 置于句首时，主句要倒装。

例7 I didn t realize she was the famous film star until he took off her dark glasses.

It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I recognized him.

= Not until he took off his dark glasses did I recognize him.

四、插入定语从句

1. 在被强调的部分后面插入一个定语从句

例8 It was in Beihai Park__ they made a date for the first time __ the old couple told us their love story.

A. where;that

B. that;that

C. where;when

D. that;when

例9 Was__ Bill，__ played basketball very well，__ helped the blind man across the street.

A. that;that;who

B. it;that;that

C. it;who;that

D. this;who;who

解析：例8 选A where they made a date for the first time 是

一个定语从句;例9选C who played basketball very well 是一个定语从句，

2. 对特殊疑问句作答时省略that及其后面的内容

例10 Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?

It was in the hall _________ the students often have a meeting.

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. when

解析：很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语in the hall。假若选C，即有It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通。此题的答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词the hall，句意为是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的) ，这样语意就通顺了。

五、强调句型与相关句型的辨析

强调句型极易与下列句型混淆,故高考也常考查这方面的内容。做题时首先判断该题是否为强调句型。把It be that 去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整(被强调部分要还原到原位置)，那么这个句子就是强调句;如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。

1. It be+段时间+ since ... 自从以来

该句型中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态,since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

例11.It s more than half a century _________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people. A. when B. that C. since D. while

解析：容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。假若选B，将此