外研版高中英语必修一Module4grammar

Look at these sentences using the present perfect tense. Look at the phrases in bold.
1. It’s been very successfusl,osofafrar. 2. Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. 3. We’ve had very good weather this wintert,iltlill now.
Can you give me more sentences with the Present Perfect Tense?
2. 当句中有“for+时间段”或 “since+时间点”时 , 主句常用现在 完成时 , 谓语动词必须是延续性动词 , 若是非延续性动词 , 要改为延续性动 词或表状态的词 (短语) 。
recently ,just，
today lately
Present perfect tense time
in (during) the past three years
expressions
④Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for
buildings in the last 10 years. (put up)
三、现在完成时考点例析 【考点一】 考查其用法与标志词 1. 当句中有never , ever , just , already , yet , before , in the past/ last+时间段等时 , 常用现在完成时。
the money-making jobs they______ before leaving their
hometowns.
［2010福建 , 28］
A. promised
B. were promised
C. have promised
D. have been promised
【解析】选D。考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：每年都 有大批农民到深圳打工赚钱 , 在离开家乡之前他们已被承诺 可以获得这些工作机会。本句中含有定语从句 , 修饰jobs。 由before leaving their hometowns可知该工作是他们事先已 经被承诺好的。故选D。
dIohna’vte bhaeeven tito Bnoewiji.ng twice.
So it leaves me a deep impression. (ever, never twice,many times)
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去 , 但与现在有关系 , 即 用一个过去的事实来说明现在的情况 , 是高考中的热点。
2. 一般过去时和时间段连用，只指过去的动作或状态 在过去延续了多长时间，与现在无关。
现在完成时与时间段连用，表从过去开始的动作或状 态延续至今。
I _h_a_ve__s_tu_d_i_ed_ English for four years.(study)
I began to study it 4 years ago. And it lasts until now.
2. 现在完成时的“未完成用法”指的是动作开始于过去 某一时刻 , 一直延续到现在 , 或可能还要继续下去。例如：
I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队 已经呆了五年多了。 (动作开始于5年前 , 一直延续至今 , 有 可能还要继续下去)
I _s_t_u_d_ie_d___ English for four years when I was at college.(study)
Maybe I am not studying it now.
3. 一般过去时常和表示过去某时刻的时间状语连用， 且这个时间与现在相隔离。
现在完成时所带的时间状语包含说话时在内或与说话 时非常接近。
其基本结构为：组卷网 1. 基本形式：have/has done (过去分词) 2. 否定形式：have/has not done (过去分词) 3. 被动形式：have/has been done (过去分词) 4. 疑问形式：Have/Has+主语+ done (过去分词) . . . ?
一、现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”
包含说话时在内
till now
与说话时非常接 近
up to now
these years
these days
So far ever , never
ever since
this month already, yet，
all one’s life
this week
before
in the last ten years
2. —Will you come to my office when you ______ your work?
—Sure.
［2011福州高一检测］
A. finished
B. are finishing
C. have finished
D. will finish
【解析】选C。句意：——你做完功课来我办公室一趟 , 好 吗? ——好的。主句是将来时 , 时间状语从句用一般现在时或 现在完成时 , 故排除A、B、D三项 ,般过去时表示具体的过去发生的动作，和现在时 间无关, 纯属过去。
现在完成时强调过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响和 联系。
1). ---_____H_a_s_ the plane__a_rr_i_v_e_d?(arrive)
--- Yes.
--- When __d_i_d__ it __a_r_r_iv_e___?
3. —Who do you think ______ the book here?
—It may be John. He was sitting here all the morning.
A. was leaving
B. leaves
C. had left
D. has left
【解析】选D。句意：——你认为谁把书落在这里了? ——可 能是约翰。他一上午都坐在这里。强调过去发生的动作对现 在造成的影响或结果 , 应该用现在完成时。
①When you are home , give a call to let me know you_______ safely. ［2010全国卷Ⅰ , 28］
A. are arriving
B. have arrived
C. had arrived
D. will arrive
【解析】选B。句意：当你到家的时候 , 打电话给我让我知道你已经 到家了。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。B选项使用现在完成 时表示将来完成 , 译为“已经……”。arrive既可以使用现在进行时 表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来 , 因此A和D同时排除 , C为过去 完成时 , 使用过去完成时句中一定要有一般过去时 , 过去完成时是过 去的过去 , 因此C也排除 , 选择B。
巩固练习：
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. —My car______ twice this month.
—I’m sorry to hear that.
A. has been broken in
B. was broken in
C. has been broken
D. was broken into
【解析】选C。句意：——这个月我的车坏了两次了。—— 听到这消息我很难过。设空处说话者表示“这个月”发生的 情况 , 故用现在时 , 排除B、D两项; break in闯入 , 不能用于 被动语态 , 故选C。
1. 现在完成时的“完成用法”指的是动作发生在过去某 一时刻并已结束 , 但该动作对现在产生了影响 , 与现在情况具 有因果关系。例如组卷网
：
He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。 (动作结束于 过去 , 但说明的是现在的情况——灯现在不亮了)
▶Have you found your pen yet? 你已找到你的钢笔了吗?
3. 现在完成时常见几种固定句型： （1）主语＋have / has been＋for短语 （2）It is/ has been＋一段时间＋ since从句 （3）This/ It is the first (second , last. . . ) time+that从 句（从句中用现在完成时）
1 根据中文意思，选择合适的英文句子
2 1 他参加这个俱乐部已两年了。 3 A. He has joined the club for two years. 4 B. He has been a number of the club for two years. 5 C. He joined the club for two years.
②Up to now , the program ______thousands of children
who would otherwise have died.
［2010山东 , 30］
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意：截止到现在 , 这 个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。up to now是现在完成时态的标志 , 所以空格处使用现在完成时 态。
--- Half an hour ago. 2)--- Would you like to have lunch here?
--- No. Thanks. I h_a_v_e__h_a_d_ lunch already. I _h_a_d_ it in the school canteen. (have)
4. —Has your former classmate come back from America?
6 2 我去过海南两次。 7 A. I have been to Hainan twice. 8 B. I went to Hainan twice. 9 C. I have gone to Hainan twice.
103 他们是好朋友已有三年了。 11A. They have made friends for three years. 12 B. They made friends for three years. 13 C. They have been good friends for three years.
③This is the first time we______ a film
in the cinema together as a family.
［2009陕西 , 9］
A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen
【解析】选D。考查时态。句意：这是我们全家第一 次到电影院看电影。“This is the +序数词+time+that从句” 为固定句型 , that从句需用现在完成时。
高中英语课件
（金戈铁骑 整理制作）
必修一Module4
Grammar （现在完成时）学科网
冠县武训高中 董国红 2012年9月8日
I have already had my lunch. I had my lunch and now I am full. I have lost my dictionary. I lost my dictionary and I学科网
3) --- When __d_id___you___co_m_e__? (come)
--- I __c_a_m_e__the day before yesterday. 4) I _h_a_ve_l_e_ar_n_ed_300 words this year.(learn)
5) He w__r_o_te_ the book 3 years ago. (write) 6) They _h_a_v_e_p_u_t_u_p___ many high-rise