压缩式后装型垃圾车设计

关键词：后装；压缩；垃圾车；环保；垃圾运输 Key words: Back loading；compression；garbage truck；environmental protection ；refuse transportation
后装压缩式垃圾车总体设计
目录
1 前言 ................................................................................ 3 2 总体方案论证 ........................................................................ 4
3.6.1 滑板、刮板油缸受力分析 ....................................................... 17
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后装压缩式垃圾车总体设计
3.6.2 举升油缸受力分析 ............................................................ 19 3.6.3 液压缸的结构设计 ............................................................. 20 3.6.4 液压缸内径 D 和活塞杆直径 D 的确定 .............................................. 21 3.6.5 液压缸壁厚、外径及工作行程的计算 .............................................. 22 3.6.6 液压缸缸底和缸盖的计算 ....................................................... 23 3.6.7 液压缸进出油口尺寸的确定 ..................................................... 23 3.6.8 液压油缸受力分析与校核 ....................................................... 24 3.6.9 液压缸的主要零件的材料和技术要求 ............................................. 24 3.6.10 泵的计算与选择 ............................................................. 25 3.6.11 液压油箱容积的确定.......................................................... 26 3.6.12 确定管道的直径 .............................................................. 27 3.6.13 油箱设计 ................................................................... 28 3.6.14 液压泵装置 ................................................................. 30 3.6.15 辅助元件的选用 .............................................................. 31
后装压缩式垃圾车总体设计
摘要
为解决城市垃圾运输，减少运输过程中的二次污染问题，提高运输效率、降低工人劳动强度，本课 题研究设计了全密封压缩式环保垃圾车。 本课题首先介绍了后装压缩式垃圾车总体设计的 5 个原则，然后对这 6 个原则依次进行了详细的 论证分析，在此基础上与传统的垃圾车机构进行比较，确定了设计方案。①在设计计算部分，根据设计 要求确定了垃圾车的结构参数，并根据结构参数对垃圾车的发动机进行了选型。②根据装载要求，对 后装压缩式垃圾车的整体结构参数进行了设计计算，其中包括料斗容积和污水箱容积的计算；③汽车 底盘主要是二类底盘的选用及其改造，根据载荷分布对各轴的负荷进行了细化分配，同时对整车的性 能参数也依据标准进行了选用， 主要确定了最高车速、 燃料经济性参数、 机动性参数和通过性参数等； ④以及对轴距、前后轮距、外廓尺寸等整车尺寸参数的确定；⑤为确保整车性能对车架进行了受力分 析和强度校核、液压系统油缸的受力分析与强度校核。
2.4 提高垃圾压缩比 ................................................................... 5 2.5 合理选择压缩机构液压控制方式 ...................................................... 5
Abstract
In order to solve the problems of town garbage transportation, two contamination in the transportation, thus improve the transportation efficiency, and reduce the worker labor intensity, this paper has designed the entire seal compression type garbage truck. This topic first introduce the 5 principles in the overall design of back ward loading compression garbage truck, and then gave detailed proof analysis to the 5 principles. The author compares the new design with the traditional one. In design and the calculation part, the structure parameter of the garbage truck, and the engine of the dumpcart are chosen according with the requirements. According to the loading request, the design of the back ward loading compression type garbage truck are calculated, including the hopper volume and the dirt water tank volume computation. The motor car chassis is mainly on the chassis selections and the reformation, and the axes load distribution. In the same time, the entire vehicle performance parameter based on the standard has been selected, according to the maximum speed, the fuel economy parameter, the mobile parameter and passed the parameter and so on; and to confirm the parameters of axes distance, the distance of the front and back wheels, and the size of outside profile. In order to guarantee the completed car performance, have done the stress and strength checking, the stress analysis and strength checking of liquid pressure system.
2.5.1 滑动刮板式压缩机构工作步骤 .................................................... 5 2.5.2 压缩机构液压控制方式 .......................................................... 6
2.6 完善车辆密封 ..................................................................... 8 2.7 结构方案的确定 ................................................................... 8
2.7.1 传统自卸式垃圾车的结构分析 .................................................... 8 2.7.2 本垃圾车的结构特点 ........................................................... 8
3.2 垃圾车发动机的选型 .............................................................. 10
3.2.1 发动机最大功率及其相应转速 ................................................... 10 3.2.2 发动机最大转矩及其相应转速 ................................................... 10 3.2.3 发动机适应性系数Ф .......................................................... 11
3 垃圾车总体设计与计算 ................................................................ 9
3.1 垃圾车质量参数的确定 ............................................................. 9
3.5 车架的计算 ...................................................................... 14 3.6 液压系统设计 .................................................................... 16
2.2 细化轴荷分布计算 ................................................................. 4 2.3 合理选择卸料方式 ................................................................. 4
2.3.1 车厢后倾式卸料方式 ........................................................... 4 2.3.2 推板卸料方式 ................................................................. 4
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3.1.1 装载量 ....................................................................... 9 3.1.2 整备质量 ..................................................................... 9 3.1.3 汽车的总质量 ................................................................ 10
2.1 提高载质量利用系数 ............................................................... 4
2.1.1 底盘的载质量利用系数 .......................................................... 4 2.1.2 专用装置的自重 ............................................................... 4
3.3 料斗容积与污水箱容积 ............................................................ 11 3.4 底盘的改造 ...................................................................... 11
3.4.1 整备质量和轴荷分配 .......................................................... 12 3.4.2 性能参数 .................................................................... 12 3.4.3 尺寸参数 .................................................................... 13