外研版必修三Module4Grammar

2. 作宾语: He wanted to go. 作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语, 往往 把不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it 作形式宾语。
e.g. I find it interesting to study English.
通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词： agree (同意)； offer (提出)； intend， plan (打算，计划)； demand， ask (要求)； promise (答应)； help (帮忙)； prepare (准备)； decide (决定)； refuse (拒绝)；dare (敢于)； choose (选择)； wish，hope，want， expect (希望，想要)； fail ；（不能；忘记）； pretend (假装)； manage (设法)； determine （决心）。 口诀： 同意提出做计划， 要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝， 敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装， 设法做成决心坚。
【即学即练】 1） Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。 Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job. 2） 他答应不告诉任何人这事。 He promised not to tell anyone about it.
experience. 5. There was nothing to be done. 6. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent
years as a result of “desertificati makes it difficult to see. 8.Weather experts advise people not to go out. 9. To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. 10.It’s difficult to breathe . 11.So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask. 12. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. 13…and plans to continue planting for the next five years.
To give up smoking is right.
It is right to give up smoking.
【即学即练】 1） 如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。 To master a foreign language is really important nowadays. 2） 放弃吸烟是对的。 To give up smoking is right.
The problem is when to start
4.不定式的复合结构
有时为了说明不定式的动作是谁做的，可 以在不定式前加for/of sb. 引起的短语， 构成for /of sb to do sth. 结构，其中的 sb. 是不定式发出者即逻辑主语。
It’s time for you to get up. It’s very kind of you to do so.
3） _____ with him is a great pleasure.
A. To talk
B. Talk
C. Talked
D. To talking
【解析】选A。本题考查动词不定式作主语的情况, 动词 不定式作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式, 其他三项都不能用来 作主语。 句意: 跟他聊天是件很快乐的事。
Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia
Grammar
Teaching Aims
要求理解“动词不定式”的各种形式表 示时间和语态的概念，以及“动词不定式” 的特殊情况， 即but 后动词不定式不带to 的用法。
动词不定式
定义
结构 句法功能 时态和语态 省略
一.定义：
不定式属于非限定词，也称非谓语动词。
定
式 She came here to study English.
主语 宾语 表语
定语 状语
I warned the patient not to drink cold water after
the operation.
宾补
1. 作主语: 动词不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主 语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。 e.g.
二.构成：
1.to+v.（原形）， 2.否定式：not to+v.（原形）
3. 动词不定式前有时可加某些疑问词 如：who, what, which, when, where, how, why等，构成一种特殊 的不定式短语，在句中充当一定的 成分如:
I don’t know what to do next.
Find out the sentences from the text that contain the infinitive：
1. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem. 2. A mass campaign has been started to help to solve it. 3. The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes. 4. To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible
三.句法功能：
不定式在句中可充当除了谓语以外的任何句 子成分
To do that sort of thing is foolish.
I want to see you this evening.
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
动
词 不
We found a house to live in.