(完整版)现在完成时课件

句式构成
1.肯定句:
S(主语）+have/has(助动词） +PP(过去分词)+(其他）。
2. 否定句:
S ( 语)+have/has+not +PP(过 去分词)+(其他）。
3.一般疑问句
Have/has+ S (主语)+PP(过去分 词)?
Yes, S+have/has. No, S+have/hasn’t.
→ Has he written to you since you have been ill?
→ He hasn’t written to me since I have been ill
不规则动词原型-过去式-过去分词形式：
1） AAA型(三种都一样) 如：cost cost cost cut cut cut
(定义二) 表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现 在,有可能继续下去的动作或状态.通 常和for或since引导的时间状语连用.
1.for + 一段时间
Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years.
2. since + (表示过去某一时间的)时间点 词组
3. ever在现在完成时中的用法
肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经” Eg. I’ve ever been to Beijing.
Have you ever been to Beijing?
4. never在现在完成时中的用法
否定句: 句中 “从来没有” Eg. I’ve never been to Beijing.
注: 带already的肯定句变成否定句或疑问 句时,将already要变成yet放在句末.
Eg. I have already done my homework. 否定句: I haven’t done my homework yet. 一般疑问句: Have you done your homework yet?
Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here?
She has stood here since 2 hour ago. How long has she stood here?
注3): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引 导的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于 how long引导的问句中.
一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道”
Eg. I’ve already had breakfast. (更常见) = I’ve had breakfast already.(表示强调) Have you had breakfast already?
注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是 现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有 动词的过去分词.
grow grew grown ring rang rung
break broke broken 4）ABA型(原形与过去分词相同) 如: come-came-come
become became become
run ran run
1. 现在完成时中标志词的用法区别
1.Already
肯定句: 句中(助后实前)/句末 “己经”
No, never.
5. just在现在完成时中的用法
用于句中, 表示“刚刚” Eg. I’ve just had breakfast.
What have they just done?
6. before在现在完成时中的用法
用于句末, 表示“以前” Eg. I’ve seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?
Eg. She’s already eighty years old.
It was already very late.
2. yet在现在完成时中的用法
否定句:句末 “还(没)”
疑问句: 句末 “己经” Eg. I haven’t had breakfast yet.
Have you had breakfast yet?
（改为否定句和一般疑问句并肯否回答) I have seen him since his wedding day.
→Have you seen him since his wedding day?
→I haven’t seen him since his wedding day .
• He has written to me since I have been ill.(改为一般疑问句)
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
一、构成: have/has+动词过去分词
二、含义:
(定义一)表示过去发生的动作或事 情对现在的影响和产生的结果.它 强调的是过去的动作同现在的联 系.常用的时间状语有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.
注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 要将 ever变成never; 带ever的一般疑问句作 否定回答时可用“No, never.”
Eg. He has ever made dumplings.
否定句: He has never made dumplings. Have they ever travelled by train?
hurt hurt hurt shut shut shut set set set 2）ABB型(过去式与过去分词相同) 如: bring-brought-brought catch caught caught lead led led
3） ABC型(三种都不一样) 如：begin-began-begun
从句(一般过去时)
Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
注: 对for或since引导的时间状 语提问 必பைடு நூலகம்用how long, 绝不能 用when.